DNSSEC Debugger

Domain Name:

Time: 2026-01-18 19:43:58 UTC

Analyzing DNSSEC problems for d.ac

DS=20326/SHA-256 is now in the chain-of-trust

	Checking DS between Trust Anchor and .
	`. IN DS ( 20326 8 2 e06d44b80b8f1d39a95c0b0d7c65d08458e880409bbc683457104237c7f8ec8d )`
	Query to d.root-servers.net for ./DNSKEY
	Received 1139 bytes from 199.7.91.13
	;; Response received from [199.7.91.13] 1139 octets ;; HEADER SECTION ;; id = 31648 ;; qr = 1 aa = 1 tc = 0 rd = 0 opcode = QUERY ;; ra = 0 z = 0 ad = 0 cd = 0 rcode = NOERROR ;; do = 1 co = 0 ;; qdcount = 1 ancount = 4 ;; nscount = 0 arcount = 1 ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0, ;; "FLAGS": "8000", ;; "RCODE": 0, ;; "UDPSIZE": 1450, ;; "OPTIONS": [ ] ;; } ;; QUESTION SECTION (1 record) ;; . IN DNSKEY ;; ANSWER SECTION (4 records) . 172800 IN DNSKEY ( 257 3 8 AwEAAaz/tAm8yTn4Mfeh5eyI96WSVexTBAvkMgJzkKTOiW1vkIbzxeF3+/4RgWOq7HrxRixHlFlE xOLAJr5emLvN7SWXgnLh4+B5xQlNVz8Og8kvArMtNROxVQuCaSnIDdD5LKyWbRd2n9WGe2R8PzgC mr3EgVLrjyBxWezF0jLHwVN8efS3rCj/EWgvIWgb9tarpVUDK/b58Da+sqqls3eNbuv7pr+eoZG+ SrDK6nWeL3c6H5Apxz7LjVc1uTIdsIXxuOLYA4/ilBmSVIzuDWfdRUfhHdY6+cn8HFRm+2hM8AnX GXws9555KrUB5qihylGa8subX2Nn6UwNR1AkUTV74bU= ) ; keytag 20326 . 172800 IN DNSKEY ( 257 3 8 AwEAAa96jeuknZlaeSrvyAJj6ZHv28hhOKkx3rLGXVaC6rXTsDc449/cidltpkyGwCJNnOAlFNKF 2jBosZBU5eeHspaQWOmOElZsjICMQMC3aeHbGiShvZsx4wMYSjH8e7Vrhbu6irwCzVBApESjbUdp WWmEnhathWu1jo+siFUiRAAxm9qyJNg/wOZqqzL/dL/q8PkcRU5oUKEpUge71M3ej2/7CPqpdVwu MoTvoB+ZOT4YeGyxMvHmbrxlFzGOHOijtzN+u1TQNatX2XBuzZNQ1K+s2CXkPIZo7s6JgZyvaBev YtxPvYLw4z9mR7K2vaF18UYH9Z9GNUUeayffKC73PYc= ) ; keytag 38696 . 172800 IN DNSKEY ( 256 3 8 AwEAAbNTVC2+pry4pc37pZI9Oj6b8FHxT3VGrvSPKLE1Tjyfe2kUZUtVX5xrv6AV4BVO+ygrYjGZ MNgEnbLU4zknnlnhI2e0g6iTza1aZh0dRZXGH16C1NUNq1CxBkUhIYQhQDeIOtLacx+RmFTc+hSH JJ2MJ79IS00kA7eKi6mofQ7SPJmdJVjI+JAx791y0f5QaB+iHGANU53FwiYXNUQjfAzCrtOaSevG sx8SO8BTaXLAjFq5eewOtwScVwfVDhEXlvpE6e+mIncwhNKaMRD9IPuHENqCNPI5MjxfAMVS6cEY 8eEozIkv/vHc+0Auu3n+Fcx6F2Js4KPXaHEShAXugfU= ) ; keytag 21831 . 172800 IN RRSIG ( DNSKEY 8 0 172800 20260201000000 20260111000000 20326 . o5fb3sEBXqMp65iz/RYeHunfketTsbyKhRLUWAiB6chftQ2eNH4VI00qEw67TN2CdVW/V5TCrYSg aGS0iGFHQO230lhtKq11eAD2LYTkDLvVDVejbxNz9maZy98L2xhLvkE2L2Aaz+GgqjHy9VEb6nc+ mtfCNpr2H0/Yet6Mgie6pTOCXE++1tf4g8NWsEx0nE41pwURB7UbC9ssYdsgnYqaTzUwRVxbij99 BCxIDKoEnwNCQBJFqSkr7AKzEtuu8F1ktgFIMcgkWnRAnNFLtLrG8gOoJw8PfpDoFI/Qc0RJddKB /s4akfSood+kpPKR4HNossFw5UTQuDuarMGxuA== ) ;; AUTHORITY SECTION (0 records) ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION (1 record) ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0 }
	Found 3 DNSKEY records for .
	`. 172800 IN DNSKEY ( 257 3 8 AwEAAaz/tAm8yTn4Mfeh5eyI96WSVexTBAvkMgJzkKTOiW1vkIbzxeF3+/4RgWOq7HrxRixHlFlE xOLAJr5emLvN7SWXgnLh4+B5xQlNVz8Og8kvArMtNROxVQuCaSnIDdD5LKyWbRd2n9WGe2R8PzgC mr3EgVLrjyBxWezF0jLHwVN8efS3rCj/EWgvIWgb9tarpVUDK/b58Da+sqqls3eNbuv7pr+eoZG+ SrDK6nWeL3c6H5Apxz7LjVc1uTIdsIXxuOLYA4/ilBmSVIzuDWfdRUfhHdY6+cn8HFRm+2hM8AnX GXws9555KrUB5qihylGa8subX2Nn6UwNR1AkUTV74bU= ) ; keytag 20326`
	`. 172800 IN DNSKEY ( 257 3 8 AwEAAa96jeuknZlaeSrvyAJj6ZHv28hhOKkx3rLGXVaC6rXTsDc449/cidltpkyGwCJNnOAlFNKF 2jBosZBU5eeHspaQWOmOElZsjICMQMC3aeHbGiShvZsx4wMYSjH8e7Vrhbu6irwCzVBApESjbUdp WWmEnhathWu1jo+siFUiRAAxm9qyJNg/wOZqqzL/dL/q8PkcRU5oUKEpUge71M3ej2/7CPqpdVwu MoTvoB+ZOT4YeGyxMvHmbrxlFzGOHOijtzN+u1TQNatX2XBuzZNQ1K+s2CXkPIZo7s6JgZyvaBev YtxPvYLw4z9mR7K2vaF18UYH9Z9GNUUeayffKC73PYc= ) ; keytag 38696`
	`. 172800 IN DNSKEY ( 256 3 8 AwEAAbNTVC2+pry4pc37pZI9Oj6b8FHxT3VGrvSPKLE1Tjyfe2kUZUtVX5xrv6AV4BVO+ygrYjGZ MNgEnbLU4zknnlnhI2e0g6iTza1aZh0dRZXGH16C1NUNq1CxBkUhIYQhQDeIOtLacx+RmFTc+hSH JJ2MJ79IS00kA7eKi6mofQ7SPJmdJVjI+JAx791y0f5QaB+iHGANU53FwiYXNUQjfAzCrtOaSevG sx8SO8BTaXLAjFq5eewOtwScVwfVDhEXlvpE6e+mIncwhNKaMRD9IPuHENqCNPI5MjxfAMVS6cEY 8eEozIkv/vHc+0Auu3n+Fcx6F2Js4KPXaHEShAXugfU= ) ; keytag 21831`
	DNSKEY=20326/SEP is now in the chain-of-trust
	DS=20326/SHA-256 verifies DNSKEY=20326/SEP
	Found 1 RRSIGs over DNSKEY RRset
	`. 172800 IN RRSIG ( DNSKEY 8 0 172800 20260201000000 20260111000000 20326 . o5fb3sEBXqMp65iz/RYeHunfketTsbyKhRLUWAiB6chftQ2eNH4VI00qEw67TN2CdVW/V5TCrYSg aGS0iGFHQO230lhtKq11eAD2LYTkDLvVDVejbxNz9maZy98L2xhLvkE2L2Aaz+GgqjHy9VEb6nc+ mtfCNpr2H0/Yet6Mgie6pTOCXE++1tf4g8NWsEx0nE41pwURB7UbC9ssYdsgnYqaTzUwRVxbij99 BCxIDKoEnwNCQBJFqSkr7AKzEtuu8F1ktgFIMcgkWnRAnNFLtLrG8gOoJw8PfpDoFI/Qc0RJddKB /s4akfSood+kpPKR4HNossFw5UTQuDuarMGxuA== )`
	RRSIG=20326 and DNSKEY=20326/SEP verifies the DNSKEY RRset
	DNSKEY=38696/SEP is now in the chain-of-trust
	DNSKEY=21831 is now in the chain-of-trust
	Query to b.root-servers.net for d.ac/A
	Received 616 bytes from 170.247.170.2
	;; Response received from [170.247.170.2] 616 octets ;; HEADER SECTION ;; id = 165 ;; qr = 1 aa = 0 tc = 0 rd = 0 opcode = QUERY ;; ra = 0 z = 0 ad = 0 cd = 0 rcode = NOERROR ;; do = 1 co = 0 ;; qdcount = 1 ancount = 0 ;; nscount = 6 arcount = 9 ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0, ;; "FLAGS": "8000", ;; "RCODE": 0, ;; "UDPSIZE": 1232, ;; "OPTIONS": [ ] ;; } ;; QUESTION SECTION (1 record) ;; d.ac. IN A ;; ANSWER SECTION (0 records) ;; AUTHORITY SECTION (6 records) ac. 172800 IN NS a0.nic.ac. ac. 172800 IN NS a2.nic.ac. ac. 172800 IN NS b0.nic.ac. ac. 172800 IN NS c0.nic.ac. ac. 86400 IN DS ( 42665 8 2 4b15f405c98f4bc3a370b19e54dbe75df201edcd38577c51d277dc6559865d95 ) ac. 86400 IN RRSIG ( DS 8 1 86400 20260131170000 20260118160000 21831 . OG+2PEuS/vzu5kSDJrsfX0FyjkFrZZLQ6dBgfGcxDJvjtPgNMAxFKDJL5BFLXfu/bY1/8C6utvEs lr0wsKxsl5c8WsjZFVv8GLypmKiqeXfitBGpTZK4ho5hBDYmyJ+t3u6rIKnY1M2mRQ9cuG2SBsSR HuzUfghcj9b6JiMrDDmP9V1UrrDfi0HFvFmpNv6I1YD9eIDkpfZ2PvZ2PPBZXhbTuZCama8T2uof bd/cyRVNPsk3QUBsYFcxSMtRngjS5nOEAfQgAKwiVBPd7vleifEkpkjRqEfYrpUDI9Tp6T5cgdpz 5e+/sFhgUC3yBSY1c5G9OCV0b5X2a6Eq/i59ww== ) ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION (9 records) a0.nic.ac. 172800 IN A 65.22.160.1 a0.nic.ac. 172800 IN AAAA 2a01:8840:9e::1 a2.nic.ac. 172800 IN A 65.22.163.1 a2.nic.ac. 172800 IN AAAA 2a01:8840:a1::1 b0.nic.ac. 172800 IN A 65.22.161.1 b0.nic.ac. 172800 IN AAAA 2a01:8840:9f::1 c0.nic.ac. 172800 IN A 65.22.162.1 c0.nic.ac. 172800 IN AAAA 2a01:8840:a0::1 ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0 }
	Query to m.root-servers.net for ac/DNSKEY
	Received 616 bytes from 202.12.27.33
	;; Response received from [202.12.27.33] 616 octets ;; HEADER SECTION ;; id = 52789 ;; qr = 1 aa = 0 tc = 0 rd = 0 opcode = QUERY ;; ra = 0 z = 0 ad = 0 cd = 0 rcode = NOERROR ;; do = 1 co = 0 ;; qdcount = 1 ancount = 0 ;; nscount = 6 arcount = 9 ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0, ;; "FLAGS": "8000", ;; "RCODE": 0, ;; "UDPSIZE": 1232, ;; "OPTIONS": [ ] ;; } ;; QUESTION SECTION (1 record) ;; ac. IN DNSKEY ;; ANSWER SECTION (0 records) ;; AUTHORITY SECTION (6 records) ac. 172800 IN NS b0.nic.ac. ac. 172800 IN NS a0.nic.ac. ac. 172800 IN NS a2.nic.ac. ac. 172800 IN NS c0.nic.ac. ac. 86400 IN DS ( 42665 8 2 4b15f405c98f4bc3a370b19e54dbe75df201edcd38577c51d277dc6559865d95 ) ac. 86400 IN RRSIG ( DS 8 1 86400 20260131170000 20260118160000 21831 . OG+2PEuS/vzu5kSDJrsfX0FyjkFrZZLQ6dBgfGcxDJvjtPgNMAxFKDJL5BFLXfu/bY1/8C6utvEs lr0wsKxsl5c8WsjZFVv8GLypmKiqeXfitBGpTZK4ho5hBDYmyJ+t3u6rIKnY1M2mRQ9cuG2SBsSR HuzUfghcj9b6JiMrDDmP9V1UrrDfi0HFvFmpNv6I1YD9eIDkpfZ2PvZ2PPBZXhbTuZCama8T2uof bd/cyRVNPsk3QUBsYFcxSMtRngjS5nOEAfQgAKwiVBPd7vleifEkpkjRqEfYrpUDI9Tp6T5cgdpz 5e+/sFhgUC3yBSY1c5G9OCV0b5X2a6Eq/i59ww== ) ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION (9 records) c0.nic.ac. 172800 IN A 65.22.162.1 b0.nic.ac. 172800 IN A 65.22.161.1 a2.nic.ac. 172800 IN A 65.22.163.1 a0.nic.ac. 172800 IN A 65.22.160.1 c0.nic.ac. 172800 IN AAAA 2a01:8840:a0::1 b0.nic.ac. 172800 IN AAAA 2a01:8840:9f::1 a2.nic.ac. 172800 IN AAAA 2a01:8840:a1::1 a0.nic.ac. 172800 IN AAAA 2a01:8840:9e::1 ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0 }
	Found child zone ac

	Checking DS between . and ac
	Query to h.root-servers.net for ac/DS
	Received 366 bytes from 198.97.190.53
	;; Response received from [198.97.190.53] 366 octets ;; HEADER SECTION ;; id = 38767 ;; qr = 1 aa = 1 tc = 0 rd = 0 opcode = QUERY ;; ra = 0 z = 0 ad = 0 cd = 0 rcode = NOERROR ;; do = 1 co = 0 ;; qdcount = 1 ancount = 2 ;; nscount = 0 arcount = 1 ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0, ;; "FLAGS": "8000", ;; "RCODE": 0, ;; "UDPSIZE": 1232, ;; "OPTIONS": [ ] ;; } ;; QUESTION SECTION (1 record) ;; ac. IN DS ;; ANSWER SECTION (2 records) ac. 86400 IN DS ( 42665 8 2 4b15f405c98f4bc3a370b19e54dbe75df201edcd38577c51d277dc6559865d95 ) ac. 86400 IN RRSIG ( DS 8 1 86400 20260131170000 20260118160000 21831 . OG+2PEuS/vzu5kSDJrsfX0FyjkFrZZLQ6dBgfGcxDJvjtPgNMAxFKDJL5BFLXfu/bY1/8C6utvEs lr0wsKxsl5c8WsjZFVv8GLypmKiqeXfitBGpTZK4ho5hBDYmyJ+t3u6rIKnY1M2mRQ9cuG2SBsSR HuzUfghcj9b6JiMrDDmP9V1UrrDfi0HFvFmpNv6I1YD9eIDkpfZ2PvZ2PPBZXhbTuZCama8T2uof bd/cyRVNPsk3QUBsYFcxSMtRngjS5nOEAfQgAKwiVBPd7vleifEkpkjRqEfYrpUDI9Tp6T5cgdpz 5e+/sFhgUC3yBSY1c5G9OCV0b5X2a6Eq/i59ww== ) ;; AUTHORITY SECTION (0 records) ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION (1 record) ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0 }
	Found 1 DS records for ac in the . zone
	DS=42665/SHA-256 has algorithm RSASHA256
	Found 1 RRSIGs over DS RRset
	`ac. 86400 IN RRSIG ( DS 8 1 86400 20260131170000 20260118160000 21831 . OG+2PEuS/vzu5kSDJrsfX0FyjkFrZZLQ6dBgfGcxDJvjtPgNMAxFKDJL5BFLXfu/bY1/8C6utvEs lr0wsKxsl5c8WsjZFVv8GLypmKiqeXfitBGpTZK4ho5hBDYmyJ+t3u6rIKnY1M2mRQ9cuG2SBsSR HuzUfghcj9b6JiMrDDmP9V1UrrDfi0HFvFmpNv6I1YD9eIDkpfZ2PvZ2PPBZXhbTuZCama8T2uof bd/cyRVNPsk3QUBsYFcxSMtRngjS5nOEAfQgAKwiVBPd7vleifEkpkjRqEfYrpUDI9Tp6T5cgdpz 5e+/sFhgUC3yBSY1c5G9OCV0b5X2a6Eq/i59ww== )`
	RRSIG=21831 and DNSKEY=21831 verifies the DS RRset
	DS=42665/SHA-256 is now in the chain-of-trust
	`ac. 86400 IN DS ( 42665 8 2 4b15f405c98f4bc3a370b19e54dbe75df201edcd38577c51d277dc6559865d95 )`
	Query to c0.nic.ac for ac/DNSKEY
	Received 893 bytes from 65.22.162.1
	;; Response received from [65.22.162.1] 893 octets ;; HEADER SECTION ;; id = 7293 ;; qr = 1 aa = 1 tc = 0 rd = 0 opcode = QUERY ;; ra = 0 z = 0 ad = 0 cd = 0 rcode = NOERROR ;; do = 1 co = 0 ;; qdcount = 1 ancount = 4 ;; nscount = 0 arcount = 1 ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0, ;; "FLAGS": "8000", ;; "RCODE": 0, ;; "UDPSIZE": 1232, ;; "OPTIONS": [ ] ;; } ;; QUESTION SECTION (1 record) ;; ac. IN DNSKEY ;; ANSWER SECTION (4 records) ac. 3600 IN DNSKEY ( 257 3 8 AwEAAdNqohrHz11qNR/fxISBBsV5yX8IQcyDTDY05ojXr/Gt1ZDdCo2LaPK2C1NfTk9s0voBrgZ+ kc35em7JHYMnEat1PC0fcuTyKd/orotjm/SlTGo30Z5PUD0lCcUKp1iQvMfm3tJYMtlXuXwODLPL PqSZLpSJx5RFxbNyi9HB5iKwNSQHK4/2Exmvsw12bvIyIezNE36g2xztZwEylgKf941ff7rsW5og jbp4L6hFK1UX1gWLYU7/gMu6dc3NTukYNVgMoEnMspNeFXhh9ozWsAfHhtPC50Ol9AYgOP9DUgtU vDWFQ9nNFFFMS+P/CMEG1bNtSjEwbQo4Wpj9OxqEacc= ) ; keytag 42665 ac. 3600 IN DNSKEY ( 256 3 8 AwEAAfbk8wbOOC8K6hlcFwEA//BF59fhbdgxtq4i6xBHoYlLVbb937NPM4crWgjZitZsMsTNb9RM nDd8glInhcAnJ+0sFBOgL7WWv0G+V5BeUyHr6tlmFhYfhYAoxWF0GTDIeO1sSpV8bln+vjazwpYU 7E4s48ANtMPOA23F8lVHQ5+1 ) ; keytag 16101 ac. 3600 IN DNSKEY ( 256 3 8 AwEAAbTR7YCKkw/HB/jA6h5eacP7h3/1fLg8gHyyHfFa8msHCAJnSi1oy9JMMMNPdB2gjBOUtXsZ MtJ5H+L3tVngW0fa29Ul0b+VKVPXPgd79YNWLtoo3Cn1zVRy9XONNiTLKZJ5SHB2+EgFj8LEzpIa hVevZpaPGNAcDu8cp2p6kpBF ) ; keytag 14658 ac. 3600 IN RRSIG ( DNSKEY 8 1 3600 20260207152444 20260117142444 42665 ac. Ne1puHBZeixh3KqGTF5At5B4XeMZLCW02WItW5FVmIZ2zFQxlv61zQKkpzv3++2v0FO43o808ZDE 7yPP++43qdoopByo87tzxGansrfv9xIFOEd3yWOt0oja96nqRApcDxRXUPznHrmU1GFYLktoONCE lmdEEqvRHLkIdfqpfKkoOR5TnvPwUSTiu3NLI9Tgg2evMsUq8eLlaYyoG/sqXOtsYVOeEfyXeCFH A74dn2rHmoYkq39fRZcLGjX9V7Ww0fW1pkjmy4ozMZrRZ7gQtpinjdfnJxmyW0CpM/9xWULMJNog sJvETT4TRKlvhNg1vfY69NgG3c72UFNnVYkNRw== ) ;; AUTHORITY SECTION (0 records) ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION (1 record) ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0 }
	Found 3 DNSKEY records for ac
	`ac. 3600 IN DNSKEY ( 257 3 8 AwEAAdNqohrHz11qNR/fxISBBsV5yX8IQcyDTDY05ojXr/Gt1ZDdCo2LaPK2C1NfTk9s0voBrgZ+ kc35em7JHYMnEat1PC0fcuTyKd/orotjm/SlTGo30Z5PUD0lCcUKp1iQvMfm3tJYMtlXuXwODLPL PqSZLpSJx5RFxbNyi9HB5iKwNSQHK4/2Exmvsw12bvIyIezNE36g2xztZwEylgKf941ff7rsW5og jbp4L6hFK1UX1gWLYU7/gMu6dc3NTukYNVgMoEnMspNeFXhh9ozWsAfHhtPC50Ol9AYgOP9DUgtU vDWFQ9nNFFFMS+P/CMEG1bNtSjEwbQo4Wpj9OxqEacc= ) ; keytag 42665`
	`ac. 3600 IN DNSKEY ( 256 3 8 AwEAAfbk8wbOOC8K6hlcFwEA//BF59fhbdgxtq4i6xBHoYlLVbb937NPM4crWgjZitZsMsTNb9RM nDd8glInhcAnJ+0sFBOgL7WWv0G+V5BeUyHr6tlmFhYfhYAoxWF0GTDIeO1sSpV8bln+vjazwpYU 7E4s48ANtMPOA23F8lVHQ5+1 ) ; keytag 16101`
	`ac. 3600 IN DNSKEY ( 256 3 8 AwEAAbTR7YCKkw/HB/jA6h5eacP7h3/1fLg8gHyyHfFa8msHCAJnSi1oy9JMMMNPdB2gjBOUtXsZ MtJ5H+L3tVngW0fa29Ul0b+VKVPXPgd79YNWLtoo3Cn1zVRy9XONNiTLKZJ5SHB2+EgFj8LEzpIa hVevZpaPGNAcDu8cp2p6kpBF ) ; keytag 14658`
	DNSKEY=42665/SEP is now in the chain-of-trust
	DS=42665/SHA-256 verifies DNSKEY=42665/SEP
	Found 1 RRSIGs over DNSKEY RRset
	`ac. 3600 IN RRSIG ( DNSKEY 8 1 3600 20260207152444 20260117142444 42665 ac. Ne1puHBZeixh3KqGTF5At5B4XeMZLCW02WItW5FVmIZ2zFQxlv61zQKkpzv3++2v0FO43o808ZDE 7yPP++43qdoopByo87tzxGansrfv9xIFOEd3yWOt0oja96nqRApcDxRXUPznHrmU1GFYLktoONCE lmdEEqvRHLkIdfqpfKkoOR5TnvPwUSTiu3NLI9Tgg2evMsUq8eLlaYyoG/sqXOtsYVOeEfyXeCFH A74dn2rHmoYkq39fRZcLGjX9V7Ww0fW1pkjmy4ozMZrRZ7gQtpinjdfnJxmyW0CpM/9xWULMJNog sJvETT4TRKlvhNg1vfY69NgG3c72UFNnVYkNRw== )`
	RRSIG=42665 and DNSKEY=42665/SEP verifies the DNSKEY RRset
	DNSKEY=16101 is now in the chain-of-trust
	DNSKEY=14658 is now in the chain-of-trust
	Query to b0.nic.ac for d.ac/A
	Received 303 bytes from 65.22.161.1
	;; Response received from [65.22.161.1] 303 octets ;; HEADER SECTION ;; id = 58704 ;; qr = 1 aa = 0 tc = 0 rd = 0 opcode = QUERY ;; ra = 0 z = 0 ad = 0 cd = 0 rcode = NOERROR ;; do = 1 co = 0 ;; qdcount = 1 ancount = 0 ;; nscount = 4 arcount = 1 ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0, ;; "FLAGS": "8000", ;; "RCODE": 0, ;; "UDPSIZE": 1232, ;; "OPTIONS": [ ] ;; } ;; QUESTION SECTION (1 record) ;; d.ac. IN A ;; ANSWER SECTION (0 records) ;; AUTHORITY SECTION (4 records) d.ac. 3600 IN NS bristol.ns.cloudflare.com. d.ac. 3600 IN NS yichun.ns.cloudflare.com. d.ac. 3600 IN DS ( 2371 13 2 abd8b4759672d7152d480cf61b3b8420ecdd9c312b2e2ff79013e355102ca51f ) d.ac. 3600 IN RRSIG ( DS 8 2 3600 20260207152444 20260117142444 16101 ac. fk2/v5WNds+M+cH8M4Vnz8MhB9m9SqUGgLcUu4f1Fd/jMn+C9wT5pmA+dj32c9Iv207wV68ITb9R rqK6Ng82CfNq21ToO/UnIRs/lTC0L7A48rSABwHUG3TSoVH2pfxX3ttrQ9Z6xqCUXFOAwT2fldbw u/9eV958R8wF+L9cugg= ) ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION (1 record) ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0 }
	Query to b0.nic.ac for d.ac/DNSKEY
	Received 303 bytes from 65.22.161.1
	;; Response received from [65.22.161.1] 303 octets ;; HEADER SECTION ;; id = 19277 ;; qr = 1 aa = 0 tc = 0 rd = 0 opcode = QUERY ;; ra = 0 z = 0 ad = 0 cd = 0 rcode = NOERROR ;; do = 1 co = 0 ;; qdcount = 1 ancount = 0 ;; nscount = 4 arcount = 1 ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0, ;; "FLAGS": "8000", ;; "RCODE": 0, ;; "UDPSIZE": 1232, ;; "OPTIONS": [ ] ;; } ;; QUESTION SECTION (1 record) ;; d.ac. IN DNSKEY ;; ANSWER SECTION (0 records) ;; AUTHORITY SECTION (4 records) d.ac. 3600 IN NS bristol.ns.cloudflare.com. d.ac. 3600 IN NS yichun.ns.cloudflare.com. d.ac. 3600 IN DS ( 2371 13 2 abd8b4759672d7152d480cf61b3b8420ecdd9c312b2e2ff79013e355102ca51f ) d.ac. 3600 IN RRSIG ( DS 8 2 3600 20260207152444 20260117142444 16101 ac. fk2/v5WNds+M+cH8M4Vnz8MhB9m9SqUGgLcUu4f1Fd/jMn+C9wT5pmA+dj32c9Iv207wV68ITb9R rqK6Ng82CfNq21ToO/UnIRs/lTC0L7A48rSABwHUG3TSoVH2pfxX3ttrQ9Z6xqCUXFOAwT2fldbw u/9eV958R8wF+L9cugg= ) ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION (1 record) ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0 }
	Found child zone d.ac

d.ac

	Checking DS between ac and d.ac
	Query to a0.nic.ac for d.ac/DS
	Received 243 bytes from 65.22.160.1
	;; Response received from [65.22.160.1] 243 octets ;; HEADER SECTION ;; id = 15251 ;; qr = 1 aa = 1 tc = 0 rd = 0 opcode = QUERY ;; ra = 0 z = 0 ad = 0 cd = 0 rcode = NOERROR ;; do = 1 co = 0 ;; qdcount = 1 ancount = 2 ;; nscount = 0 arcount = 1 ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0, ;; "FLAGS": "8000", ;; "RCODE": 0, ;; "UDPSIZE": 1232, ;; "OPTIONS": [ ] ;; } ;; QUESTION SECTION (1 record) ;; d.ac. IN DS ;; ANSWER SECTION (2 records) d.ac. 3600 IN DS ( 2371 13 2 abd8b4759672d7152d480cf61b3b8420ecdd9c312b2e2ff79013e355102ca51f ) d.ac. 3600 IN RRSIG ( DS 8 2 3600 20260207152444 20260117142444 16101 ac. fk2/v5WNds+M+cH8M4Vnz8MhB9m9SqUGgLcUu4f1Fd/jMn+C9wT5pmA+dj32c9Iv207wV68ITb9R rqK6Ng82CfNq21ToO/UnIRs/lTC0L7A48rSABwHUG3TSoVH2pfxX3ttrQ9Z6xqCUXFOAwT2fldbw u/9eV958R8wF+L9cugg= ) ;; AUTHORITY SECTION (0 records) ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION (1 record) ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0 }
	Found 1 DS records for d.ac in the ac zone
	DS=2371/SHA-256 has algorithm ECDSAP256SHA256
	Found 1 RRSIGs over DS RRset
	`d.ac. 3600 IN RRSIG ( DS 8 2 3600 20260207152444 20260117142444 16101 ac. fk2/v5WNds+M+cH8M4Vnz8MhB9m9SqUGgLcUu4f1Fd/jMn+C9wT5pmA+dj32c9Iv207wV68ITb9R rqK6Ng82CfNq21ToO/UnIRs/lTC0L7A48rSABwHUG3TSoVH2pfxX3ttrQ9Z6xqCUXFOAwT2fldbw u/9eV958R8wF+L9cugg= )`
	RRSIG=16101 and DNSKEY=16101 verifies the DS RRset
	DS=2371/SHA-256 is now in the chain-of-trust
	`d.ac. 3600 IN DS ( 2371 13 2 abd8b4759672d7152d480cf61b3b8420ecdd9c312b2e2ff79013e355102ca51f )`
	Query to yichun.ns.cloudflare.com for d.ac/DNSKEY
	Received 293 bytes from 173.245.59.248
	;; Response received from [173.245.59.248] 293 octets ;; HEADER SECTION ;; id = 34278 ;; qr = 1 aa = 1 tc = 0 rd = 0 opcode = QUERY ;; ra = 0 z = 0 ad = 0 cd = 0 rcode = NOERROR ;; do = 1 co = 0 ;; qdcount = 1 ancount = 3 ;; nscount = 0 arcount = 1 ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0, ;; "FLAGS": "8000", ;; "RCODE": 0, ;; "UDPSIZE": 1232, ;; "OPTIONS": [ ] ;; } ;; QUESTION SECTION (1 record) ;; d.ac. IN DNSKEY ;; ANSWER SECTION (3 records) d.ac. 3600 IN DNSKEY ( 257 3 13 mdsswUyr3DPW132mOi8V9xESWE8jTo0dxCjjnopKl+GqJxpVXckHAeF+KkxLbxILfDLUT0rAK9iU zy1L53eKGQ== ) ; keytag 2371 d.ac. 3600 IN DNSKEY ( 256 3 13 oJMRESz5E4gYzS/q6XDrvU1qMPYIjCWzJaOau8XNEZeqCYKD5ar0IRd8KqXXFJkqmVfRvMGPmM1x 8fGAa2XhSA== ) ; keytag 34505 d.ac. 3600 IN RRSIG ( DNSKEY 13 2 3600 20260319171508 20260117171508 2371 d.ac. fNYSrV6OXEfh16n78xvxIjRGMBxJ54VIYuqsTngUnaHI+lnK2cacXvp3H4kz0e9kkK/7AK34nmEd DTVdgGVPIg== ) ;; AUTHORITY SECTION (0 records) ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION (1 record) ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0 }
	Found 2 DNSKEY records for d.ac
	`d.ac. 3600 IN DNSKEY ( 257 3 13 mdsswUyr3DPW132mOi8V9xESWE8jTo0dxCjjnopKl+GqJxpVXckHAeF+KkxLbxILfDLUT0rAK9iU zy1L53eKGQ== ) ; keytag 2371`
	`d.ac. 3600 IN DNSKEY ( 256 3 13 oJMRESz5E4gYzS/q6XDrvU1qMPYIjCWzJaOau8XNEZeqCYKD5ar0IRd8KqXXFJkqmVfRvMGPmM1x 8fGAa2XhSA== ) ; keytag 34505`
	DNSKEY=2371/SEP is now in the chain-of-trust
	DS=2371/SHA-256 verifies DNSKEY=2371/SEP
	Found 1 RRSIGs over DNSKEY RRset
	`d.ac. 3600 IN RRSIG ( DNSKEY 13 2 3600 20260319171508 20260117171508 2371 d.ac. fNYSrV6OXEfh16n78xvxIjRGMBxJ54VIYuqsTngUnaHI+lnK2cacXvp3H4kz0e9kkK/7AK34nmEd DTVdgGVPIg== )`
	RRSIG=2371 and DNSKEY=2371/SEP verifies the DNSKEY RRset
	DNSKEY=34505 is now in the chain-of-trust
	Query to yichun.ns.cloudflare.com for d.ac/A
	Received 165 bytes from 108.162.193.248
	;; Response received from [108.162.193.248] 165 octets ;; HEADER SECTION ;; id = 17378 ;; qr = 1 aa = 1 tc = 0 rd = 0 opcode = QUERY ;; ra = 0 z = 0 ad = 0 cd = 0 rcode = NOERROR ;; do = 1 co = 0 ;; qdcount = 1 ancount = 3 ;; nscount = 0 arcount = 1 ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0, ;; "FLAGS": "8000", ;; "RCODE": 0, ;; "UDPSIZE": 1232, ;; "OPTIONS": [ ] ;; } ;; QUESTION SECTION (1 record) ;; d.ac. IN A ;; ANSWER SECTION (3 records) d.ac. 300 IN A 104.21.52.155 d.ac. 300 IN A 172.67.201.34 d.ac. 300 IN RRSIG ( A 13 2 300 20260119204401 20260117184401 34505 d.ac. oFh7/bJHHVT8VKRpLdQvZ99o/W12auCjsvLZRuQNKWfiMNXZlJVATY0zZnH6IEjpkZD8ADYE6o8Y /PSABn08Dg== ) ;; AUTHORITY SECTION (0 records) ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION (1 record) ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0 }
	yichun.ns.cloudflare.com is authoritative for d.ac
	Found RRSIG signed by d.ac zone
	Query to bristol.ns.cloudflare.com for d.ac/SOA
	Received 198 bytes from 162.159.38.47
	;; Response received from [162.159.38.47] 198 octets ;; HEADER SECTION ;; id = 55468 ;; qr = 1 aa = 1 tc = 0 rd = 0 opcode = QUERY ;; ra = 0 z = 0 ad = 0 cd = 0 rcode = NOERROR ;; do = 1 co = 0 ;; qdcount = 1 ancount = 2 ;; nscount = 0 arcount = 1 ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0, ;; "FLAGS": "8000", ;; "RCODE": 0, ;; "UDPSIZE": 1232, ;; "OPTIONS": [ ] ;; } ;; QUESTION SECTION (1 record) ;; d.ac. IN SOA ;; ANSWER SECTION (2 records) d.ac. 1800 IN SOA ( bristol.ns.cloudflare.com. dns.cloudflare.com. 2394242213 ;serial 10000 ;refresh 2400 ;retry 604800 ;expire 1800 ;minimum ) d.ac. 1800 IN RRSIG ( SOA 13 2 1800 20260119204401 20260117184401 34505 d.ac. P7MDx7rHCFxPtW3cpSKB4PFn3pg5AHvZkR5voYEV9OOkLKJcmPWNUvz2j7nmzlpdsRWc6wLuTqBo KBYTnRBc0Q== ) ;; AUTHORITY SECTION (0 records) ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION (1 record) ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0 }
	Query to yichun.ns.cloudflare.com for d.ac/A
	Received 165 bytes from 108.162.193.248
	;; Response received from [108.162.193.248] 165 octets ;; HEADER SECTION ;; id = 49671 ;; qr = 1 aa = 1 tc = 0 rd = 0 opcode = QUERY ;; ra = 0 z = 0 ad = 0 cd = 0 rcode = NOERROR ;; do = 1 co = 0 ;; qdcount = 1 ancount = 3 ;; nscount = 0 arcount = 1 ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0, ;; "FLAGS": "8000", ;; "RCODE": 0, ;; "UDPSIZE": 1232, ;; "OPTIONS": [ ] ;; } ;; QUESTION SECTION (1 record) ;; d.ac. IN A ;; ANSWER SECTION (3 records) d.ac. 300 IN A 104.21.52.155 d.ac. 300 IN A 172.67.201.34 d.ac. 300 IN RRSIG ( A 13 2 300 20260119204401 20260117184401 34505 d.ac. XIhMLK0OOQqHgrj3BOHWxkAzm8u5p1KH/1jD5hUWVMovProxdSGg7JtL6vKEnzNRFpq03rlho7K2 cwtAzyHQbw== ) ;; AUTHORITY SECTION (0 records) ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION (1 record) ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0 }
	d.ac A RR has value 104.21.52.155
	d.ac A RR has value 172.67.201.34
	Found 1 RRSIGs over A RRset
	`d.ac. 300 IN RRSIG ( A 13 2 300 20260119204401 20260117184401 34505 d.ac. XIhMLK0OOQqHgrj3BOHWxkAzm8u5p1KH/1jD5hUWVMovProxdSGg7JtL6vKEnzNRFpq03rlho7K2 cwtAzyHQbw== )`
	RRSIG=34505 and DNSKEY=34505 verifies the A RRset

d.ac

	Query to bristol.ns.cloudflare.com for d.ac/A
	Received 165 bytes from 108.162.194.47
	;; Response received from [108.162.194.47] 165 octets ;; HEADER SECTION ;; id = 39460 ;; qr = 1 aa = 1 tc = 0 rd = 0 opcode = QUERY ;; ra = 0 z = 0 ad = 0 cd = 0 rcode = NOERROR ;; do = 1 co = 0 ;; qdcount = 1 ancount = 3 ;; nscount = 0 arcount = 1 ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0, ;; "FLAGS": "8000", ;; "RCODE": 0, ;; "UDPSIZE": 1232, ;; "OPTIONS": [ ] ;; } ;; QUESTION SECTION (1 record) ;; d.ac. IN A ;; ANSWER SECTION (3 records) d.ac. 300 IN A 172.67.201.34 d.ac. 300 IN A 104.21.52.155 d.ac. 300 IN RRSIG ( A 13 2 300 20260119204401 20260117184401 34505 d.ac. NUZzue8Wv/V18k5NGwNTAF2g/3T2DXnYSlQsdjNCYDrZb2Xec1NMl7ryxEPvuPWrUWkxECgylvQm LdU5HsdUIw== ) ;; AUTHORITY SECTION (0 records) ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION (1 record) ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0 }
	bristol.ns.cloudflare.com is authoritative for d.ac
	Found RRSIG signed by d.ac zone
	Query to bristol.ns.cloudflare.com for d.ac/A
	Received 165 bytes from 172.64.34.47
	;; Response received from [172.64.34.47] 165 octets ;; HEADER SECTION ;; id = 64365 ;; qr = 1 aa = 1 tc = 0 rd = 0 opcode = QUERY ;; ra = 0 z = 0 ad = 0 cd = 0 rcode = NOERROR ;; do = 1 co = 0 ;; qdcount = 1 ancount = 3 ;; nscount = 0 arcount = 1 ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0, ;; "FLAGS": "8000", ;; "RCODE": 0, ;; "UDPSIZE": 1232, ;; "OPTIONS": [ ] ;; } ;; QUESTION SECTION (1 record) ;; d.ac. IN A ;; ANSWER SECTION (3 records) d.ac. 300 IN A 172.67.201.34 d.ac. 300 IN A 104.21.52.155 d.ac. 300 IN RRSIG ( A 13 2 300 20260119204401 20260117184401 34505 d.ac. DLGBElzuDnPJsgFG6tiCw2OZ8uAoU3pZCQugeFamaS4PClX1bpr9a4ZbZ2KfsWXfI5JeCVoN20XY s17TGQ9qWg== ) ;; AUTHORITY SECTION (0 records) ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION (1 record) ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0 }
	d.ac A RR has value 172.67.201.34
	d.ac A RR has value 104.21.52.155
	Found 1 RRSIGs over A RRset
	`d.ac. 300 IN RRSIG ( A 13 2 300 20260119204401 20260117184401 34505 d.ac. DLGBElzuDnPJsgFG6tiCw2OZ8uAoU3pZCQugeFamaS4PClX1bpr9a4ZbZ2KfsWXfI5JeCVoN20XY s17TGQ9qWg== )`
	RRSIG=34505 and DNSKEY=34505 verifies the A RRset

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