DNSSEC Debugger

Domain Name:

Time: 2026-03-16 18:26:44 UTC

Analyzing DNSSEC problems for d.ac

DS=20326/SHA-256 is now in the chain-of-trust

	Checking DS between Trust Anchor and .
	`. IN DS ( 20326 8 2 e06d44b80b8f1d39a95c0b0d7c65d08458e880409bbc683457104237c7f8ec8d )`
	Query to f.root-servers.net for ./DNSKEY
	Received 1139 bytes from 192.5.5.241
	;; Response received from [192.5.5.241] 1139 octets ;; HEADER SECTION ;; id = 17131 ;; qr = 1 aa = 1 tc = 0 rd = 0 opcode = QUERY ;; ra = 0 z = 0 ad = 0 cd = 0 rcode = NOERROR ;; do = 1 co = 0 ;; qdcount = 1 ancount = 4 ;; nscount = 0 arcount = 1 ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0, ;; "FLAGS": "8000", ;; "RCODE": 0, ;; "UDPSIZE": 1472, ;; "OPTIONS": [ ] ;; } ;; QUESTION SECTION (1 record) ;; . IN DNSKEY ;; ANSWER SECTION (4 records) . 172800 IN DNSKEY ( 256 3 8 AwEAAbNTVC2+pry4pc37pZI9Oj6b8FHxT3VGrvSPKLE1Tjyfe2kUZUtVX5xrv6AV4BVO+ygrYjGZ MNgEnbLU4zknnlnhI2e0g6iTza1aZh0dRZXGH16C1NUNq1CxBkUhIYQhQDeIOtLacx+RmFTc+hSH JJ2MJ79IS00kA7eKi6mofQ7SPJmdJVjI+JAx791y0f5QaB+iHGANU53FwiYXNUQjfAzCrtOaSevG sx8SO8BTaXLAjFq5eewOtwScVwfVDhEXlvpE6e+mIncwhNKaMRD9IPuHENqCNPI5MjxfAMVS6cEY 8eEozIkv/vHc+0Auu3n+Fcx6F2Js4KPXaHEShAXugfU= ) ; keytag 21831 . 172800 IN DNSKEY ( 257 3 8 AwEAAaz/tAm8yTn4Mfeh5eyI96WSVexTBAvkMgJzkKTOiW1vkIbzxeF3+/4RgWOq7HrxRixHlFlE xOLAJr5emLvN7SWXgnLh4+B5xQlNVz8Og8kvArMtNROxVQuCaSnIDdD5LKyWbRd2n9WGe2R8PzgC mr3EgVLrjyBxWezF0jLHwVN8efS3rCj/EWgvIWgb9tarpVUDK/b58Da+sqqls3eNbuv7pr+eoZG+ SrDK6nWeL3c6H5Apxz7LjVc1uTIdsIXxuOLYA4/ilBmSVIzuDWfdRUfhHdY6+cn8HFRm+2hM8AnX GXws9555KrUB5qihylGa8subX2Nn6UwNR1AkUTV74bU= ) ; keytag 20326 . 172800 IN DNSKEY ( 257 3 8 AwEAAa96jeuknZlaeSrvyAJj6ZHv28hhOKkx3rLGXVaC6rXTsDc449/cidltpkyGwCJNnOAlFNKF 2jBosZBU5eeHspaQWOmOElZsjICMQMC3aeHbGiShvZsx4wMYSjH8e7Vrhbu6irwCzVBApESjbUdp WWmEnhathWu1jo+siFUiRAAxm9qyJNg/wOZqqzL/dL/q8PkcRU5oUKEpUge71M3ej2/7CPqpdVwu MoTvoB+ZOT4YeGyxMvHmbrxlFzGOHOijtzN+u1TQNatX2XBuzZNQ1K+s2CXkPIZo7s6JgZyvaBev YtxPvYLw4z9mR7K2vaF18UYH9Z9GNUUeayffKC73PYc= ) ; keytag 38696 . 172800 IN RRSIG ( DNSKEY 8 0 172800 20260402000000 20260312000000 20326 . hcmCK2q88XH00Hynv8IgIMVTKrwyb8Lh/uvRpqBPMALNQunyrS+VKrlKb6rBQTFnGHeVR/jj3Eay Uuxv4fy2evliMYKLrfTHtdqD3oUvJMnwmxEMmhS84Ttw+bbTcHeYxb52NFiYVHKb37Y0OWN4lr0p V+3fwFtWumb1NlWZDMNsaHFv6UIdxgUGNBVEyUaTAK6E2jseQcoqv6A0rNxCG+xtz2zSpRV2JM1g dC8zVAcc068OamqrwZlzKqsqAgXP78NOERrFkzffoRaSEmOORcAQpUdCK265DL1Y7Xeq0QaNEKd2 fXglm/IxS+4sMPT+83Q/XasxUu5C3d0qEz76fw== ) ;; AUTHORITY SECTION (0 records) ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION (1 record) ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0 }
	Found 3 DNSKEY records for .
	`. 172800 IN DNSKEY ( 256 3 8 AwEAAbNTVC2+pry4pc37pZI9Oj6b8FHxT3VGrvSPKLE1Tjyfe2kUZUtVX5xrv6AV4BVO+ygrYjGZ MNgEnbLU4zknnlnhI2e0g6iTza1aZh0dRZXGH16C1NUNq1CxBkUhIYQhQDeIOtLacx+RmFTc+hSH JJ2MJ79IS00kA7eKi6mofQ7SPJmdJVjI+JAx791y0f5QaB+iHGANU53FwiYXNUQjfAzCrtOaSevG sx8SO8BTaXLAjFq5eewOtwScVwfVDhEXlvpE6e+mIncwhNKaMRD9IPuHENqCNPI5MjxfAMVS6cEY 8eEozIkv/vHc+0Auu3n+Fcx6F2Js4KPXaHEShAXugfU= ) ; keytag 21831`
	`. 172800 IN DNSKEY ( 257 3 8 AwEAAaz/tAm8yTn4Mfeh5eyI96WSVexTBAvkMgJzkKTOiW1vkIbzxeF3+/4RgWOq7HrxRixHlFlE xOLAJr5emLvN7SWXgnLh4+B5xQlNVz8Og8kvArMtNROxVQuCaSnIDdD5LKyWbRd2n9WGe2R8PzgC mr3EgVLrjyBxWezF0jLHwVN8efS3rCj/EWgvIWgb9tarpVUDK/b58Da+sqqls3eNbuv7pr+eoZG+ SrDK6nWeL3c6H5Apxz7LjVc1uTIdsIXxuOLYA4/ilBmSVIzuDWfdRUfhHdY6+cn8HFRm+2hM8AnX GXws9555KrUB5qihylGa8subX2Nn6UwNR1AkUTV74bU= ) ; keytag 20326`
	`. 172800 IN DNSKEY ( 257 3 8 AwEAAa96jeuknZlaeSrvyAJj6ZHv28hhOKkx3rLGXVaC6rXTsDc449/cidltpkyGwCJNnOAlFNKF 2jBosZBU5eeHspaQWOmOElZsjICMQMC3aeHbGiShvZsx4wMYSjH8e7Vrhbu6irwCzVBApESjbUdp WWmEnhathWu1jo+siFUiRAAxm9qyJNg/wOZqqzL/dL/q8PkcRU5oUKEpUge71M3ej2/7CPqpdVwu MoTvoB+ZOT4YeGyxMvHmbrxlFzGOHOijtzN+u1TQNatX2XBuzZNQ1K+s2CXkPIZo7s6JgZyvaBev YtxPvYLw4z9mR7K2vaF18UYH9Z9GNUUeayffKC73PYc= ) ; keytag 38696`
	DNSKEY=20326/SEP is now in the chain-of-trust
	DS=20326/SHA-256 verifies DNSKEY=20326/SEP
	Found 1 RRSIGs over DNSKEY RRset
	`. 172800 IN RRSIG ( DNSKEY 8 0 172800 20260402000000 20260312000000 20326 . hcmCK2q88XH00Hynv8IgIMVTKrwyb8Lh/uvRpqBPMALNQunyrS+VKrlKb6rBQTFnGHeVR/jj3Eay Uuxv4fy2evliMYKLrfTHtdqD3oUvJMnwmxEMmhS84Ttw+bbTcHeYxb52NFiYVHKb37Y0OWN4lr0p V+3fwFtWumb1NlWZDMNsaHFv6UIdxgUGNBVEyUaTAK6E2jseQcoqv6A0rNxCG+xtz2zSpRV2JM1g dC8zVAcc068OamqrwZlzKqsqAgXP78NOERrFkzffoRaSEmOORcAQpUdCK265DL1Y7Xeq0QaNEKd2 fXglm/IxS+4sMPT+83Q/XasxUu5C3d0qEz76fw== )`
	RRSIG=20326 and DNSKEY=20326/SEP verifies the DNSKEY RRset
	DNSKEY=21831 is now in the chain-of-trust
	DNSKEY=38696/SEP is now in the chain-of-trust
	Query to h.root-servers.net for d.ac/A
	Received 616 bytes from 198.97.190.53
	;; Response received from [198.97.190.53] 616 octets ;; HEADER SECTION ;; id = 59874 ;; qr = 1 aa = 0 tc = 0 rd = 0 opcode = QUERY ;; ra = 0 z = 0 ad = 0 cd = 0 rcode = NOERROR ;; do = 1 co = 0 ;; qdcount = 1 ancount = 0 ;; nscount = 6 arcount = 9 ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0, ;; "FLAGS": "8000", ;; "RCODE": 0, ;; "UDPSIZE": 1232, ;; "OPTIONS": [ ] ;; } ;; QUESTION SECTION (1 record) ;; d.ac. IN A ;; ANSWER SECTION (0 records) ;; AUTHORITY SECTION (6 records) ac. 172800 IN NS a0.nic.ac. ac. 172800 IN NS a2.nic.ac. ac. 172800 IN NS b0.nic.ac. ac. 172800 IN NS c0.nic.ac. ac. 86400 IN DS ( 42665 8 2 4b15f405c98f4bc3a370b19e54dbe75df201edcd38577c51d277dc6559865d95 ) ac. 86400 IN RRSIG ( DS 8 1 86400 20260329170000 20260316160000 21831 . f59irb3e6duvHAtG7pyXldRc1khrebvqMxzxv8Yna5aTQLTrUD/+Sq2q03KMqabrhCSyXN/lKlO4 /qjFT90BpQsLHW70/tP7Wgl8S95XSokZXtjensio1O0vFn23fkoy/VzNqo2ziz285vIT2eyVaYQX Otb3Oedq32ZrreIHCVd7XQzQ54QfBlbN/axOXUK6ih6WqKydwad7xhUbrBgrzHqEFbNm99s4MmIt VmgC5CSxJqv8qu9aAxbx7lVRj7/tqi4rfLuVF/PsgqDbLKKkxOFG6WjGvKZylSanVpm1sggvRLWc TymRPRgTfyrg4oTArp9OBHq/QWOfwiwmrTb9yw== ) ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION (9 records) a0.nic.ac. 172800 IN A 65.22.160.1 a2.nic.ac. 172800 IN A 65.22.163.1 b0.nic.ac. 172800 IN A 65.22.161.1 c0.nic.ac. 172800 IN A 65.22.162.1 a0.nic.ac. 172800 IN AAAA 2a01:8840:9e::1 a2.nic.ac. 172800 IN AAAA 2a01:8840:a1::1 b0.nic.ac. 172800 IN AAAA 2a01:8840:9f::1 c0.nic.ac. 172800 IN AAAA 2a01:8840:a0::1 ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0 }
	Query to m.root-servers.net for ac/DNSKEY
	Received 616 bytes from 202.12.27.33
	;; Response received from [202.12.27.33] 616 octets ;; HEADER SECTION ;; id = 35568 ;; qr = 1 aa = 0 tc = 0 rd = 0 opcode = QUERY ;; ra = 0 z = 0 ad = 0 cd = 0 rcode = NOERROR ;; do = 1 co = 0 ;; qdcount = 1 ancount = 0 ;; nscount = 6 arcount = 9 ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0, ;; "FLAGS": "8000", ;; "RCODE": 0, ;; "UDPSIZE": 1232, ;; "OPTIONS": [ ] ;; } ;; QUESTION SECTION (1 record) ;; ac. IN DNSKEY ;; ANSWER SECTION (0 records) ;; AUTHORITY SECTION (6 records) ac. 172800 IN NS c0.nic.ac. ac. 172800 IN NS a0.nic.ac. ac. 172800 IN NS a2.nic.ac. ac. 172800 IN NS b0.nic.ac. ac. 86400 IN DS ( 42665 8 2 4b15f405c98f4bc3a370b19e54dbe75df201edcd38577c51d277dc6559865d95 ) ac. 86400 IN RRSIG ( DS 8 1 86400 20260329170000 20260316160000 21831 . f59irb3e6duvHAtG7pyXldRc1khrebvqMxzxv8Yna5aTQLTrUD/+Sq2q03KMqabrhCSyXN/lKlO4 /qjFT90BpQsLHW70/tP7Wgl8S95XSokZXtjensio1O0vFn23fkoy/VzNqo2ziz285vIT2eyVaYQX Otb3Oedq32ZrreIHCVd7XQzQ54QfBlbN/axOXUK6ih6WqKydwad7xhUbrBgrzHqEFbNm99s4MmIt VmgC5CSxJqv8qu9aAxbx7lVRj7/tqi4rfLuVF/PsgqDbLKKkxOFG6WjGvKZylSanVpm1sggvRLWc TymRPRgTfyrg4oTArp9OBHq/QWOfwiwmrTb9yw== ) ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION (9 records) c0.nic.ac. 172800 IN A 65.22.162.1 b0.nic.ac. 172800 IN A 65.22.161.1 a2.nic.ac. 172800 IN A 65.22.163.1 a0.nic.ac. 172800 IN A 65.22.160.1 c0.nic.ac. 172800 IN AAAA 2a01:8840:a0::1 b0.nic.ac. 172800 IN AAAA 2a01:8840:9f::1 a2.nic.ac. 172800 IN AAAA 2a01:8840:a1::1 a0.nic.ac. 172800 IN AAAA 2a01:8840:9e::1 ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0 }
	Found child zone ac

	Checking DS between . and ac
	Query to i.root-servers.net for ac/DS
	Received 366 bytes from 192.36.148.17
	;; Response received from [192.36.148.17] 366 octets ;; HEADER SECTION ;; id = 17236 ;; qr = 1 aa = 1 tc = 0 rd = 0 opcode = QUERY ;; ra = 0 z = 0 ad = 0 cd = 0 rcode = NOERROR ;; do = 1 co = 0 ;; qdcount = 1 ancount = 2 ;; nscount = 0 arcount = 1 ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0, ;; "FLAGS": "8000", ;; "RCODE": 0, ;; "UDPSIZE": 1232, ;; "OPTIONS": [ ] ;; } ;; QUESTION SECTION (1 record) ;; ac. IN DS ;; ANSWER SECTION (2 records) ac. 86400 IN DS ( 42665 8 2 4b15f405c98f4bc3a370b19e54dbe75df201edcd38577c51d277dc6559865d95 ) ac. 86400 IN RRSIG ( DS 8 1 86400 20260329170000 20260316160000 21831 . f59irb3e6duvHAtG7pyXldRc1khrebvqMxzxv8Yna5aTQLTrUD/+Sq2q03KMqabrhCSyXN/lKlO4 /qjFT90BpQsLHW70/tP7Wgl8S95XSokZXtjensio1O0vFn23fkoy/VzNqo2ziz285vIT2eyVaYQX Otb3Oedq32ZrreIHCVd7XQzQ54QfBlbN/axOXUK6ih6WqKydwad7xhUbrBgrzHqEFbNm99s4MmIt VmgC5CSxJqv8qu9aAxbx7lVRj7/tqi4rfLuVF/PsgqDbLKKkxOFG6WjGvKZylSanVpm1sggvRLWc TymRPRgTfyrg4oTArp9OBHq/QWOfwiwmrTb9yw== ) ;; AUTHORITY SECTION (0 records) ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION (1 record) ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0 }
	Found 1 DS records for ac in the . zone
	DS=42665/SHA-256 has algorithm RSASHA256
	Found 1 RRSIGs over DS RRset
	`ac. 86400 IN RRSIG ( DS 8 1 86400 20260329170000 20260316160000 21831 . f59irb3e6duvHAtG7pyXldRc1khrebvqMxzxv8Yna5aTQLTrUD/+Sq2q03KMqabrhCSyXN/lKlO4 /qjFT90BpQsLHW70/tP7Wgl8S95XSokZXtjensio1O0vFn23fkoy/VzNqo2ziz285vIT2eyVaYQX Otb3Oedq32ZrreIHCVd7XQzQ54QfBlbN/axOXUK6ih6WqKydwad7xhUbrBgrzHqEFbNm99s4MmIt VmgC5CSxJqv8qu9aAxbx7lVRj7/tqi4rfLuVF/PsgqDbLKKkxOFG6WjGvKZylSanVpm1sggvRLWc TymRPRgTfyrg4oTArp9OBHq/QWOfwiwmrTb9yw== )`
	RRSIG=21831 and DNSKEY=21831 verifies the DS RRset
	DS=42665/SHA-256 is now in the chain-of-trust
	`ac. 86400 IN DS ( 42665 8 2 4b15f405c98f4bc3a370b19e54dbe75df201edcd38577c51d277dc6559865d95 )`
	Query to b0.nic.ac for ac/DNSKEY
	Received 893 bytes from 65.22.161.1
	;; Response received from [65.22.161.1] 893 octets ;; HEADER SECTION ;; id = 17997 ;; qr = 1 aa = 1 tc = 0 rd = 0 opcode = QUERY ;; ra = 0 z = 0 ad = 0 cd = 0 rcode = NOERROR ;; do = 1 co = 0 ;; qdcount = 1 ancount = 4 ;; nscount = 0 arcount = 1 ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0, ;; "FLAGS": "8000", ;; "RCODE": 0, ;; "UDPSIZE": 1232, ;; "OPTIONS": [ ] ;; } ;; QUESTION SECTION (1 record) ;; ac. IN DNSKEY ;; ANSWER SECTION (4 records) ac. 3600 IN DNSKEY ( 256 3 8 AwEAAarwfEHbr3Q1MmMASll9Wl5E5JXk88B/v5urhbfRkdKkGapz6AFqTdX0ujlnCMAyfEtKeHPn 9UyMczBps4FPNan7nIVMWQZPvFQJJcX50Z1NMmsnlSUX82qShvO1yzQNcJtZ0Zb2thj6ysiABoOd ySt0eXakT0AkGJx/qXLlrpt7 ) ; keytag 37029 ac. 3600 IN DNSKEY ( 257 3 8 AwEAAdNqohrHz11qNR/fxISBBsV5yX8IQcyDTDY05ojXr/Gt1ZDdCo2LaPK2C1NfTk9s0voBrgZ+ kc35em7JHYMnEat1PC0fcuTyKd/orotjm/SlTGo30Z5PUD0lCcUKp1iQvMfm3tJYMtlXuXwODLPL PqSZLpSJx5RFxbNyi9HB5iKwNSQHK4/2Exmvsw12bvIyIezNE36g2xztZwEylgKf941ff7rsW5og jbp4L6hFK1UX1gWLYU7/gMu6dc3NTukYNVgMoEnMspNeFXhh9ozWsAfHhtPC50Ol9AYgOP9DUgtU vDWFQ9nNFFFMS+P/CMEG1bNtSjEwbQo4Wpj9OxqEacc= ) ; keytag 42665 ac. 3600 IN DNSKEY ( 256 3 8 AwEAAcLV/iD5gsWdwuXPNm+bYfFeEtC4nYgmXU69T7FDSh/xzyi35/I3PkotpyuPcckUKcECeKy8 7maqx3jBggCeEJ18lVQELCUD+V6+4NWz/4orUwQ4EUKEWnTsL47nT6Pr2nrhl5NZId07doq+o2qC DX4nrt/I/Z4tfdzAVrzxVh/J ) ; keytag 14253 ac. 3600 IN RRSIG ( DNSKEY 8 1 3600 20260331182931 20260310172931 42665 ac. 0om9jNPA5xU7FZHtN+rktiiMzrgPpBrmISwM2YyvrlysTisK7OnGNpx3h/2W/LW4TbViklD3pt/b X78poy5Pau29XNM+IMd64jxNMX/io9IVa1tXp4e42ORGBDq0GuBpuPMIE/J52t+rFtJlSDolU7dp WR3J5JDorUe2C1H2o9c4NiOy4vnYUXsBhX467p4M+UmKNWPnWJP0+/MLGxdw0SdpWRCiBJxRk7Na du82yM3Xg4TfcDwOQWBBBu+wRaiNlRMuy+VbV3DWKMDsAQuFzl3cdlophiiSfWFGQQv96aMZetNG Xb4NjqlklFkwj9+uhdh6HE39Xkc/YhXuXlfD0g== ) ;; AUTHORITY SECTION (0 records) ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION (1 record) ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0 }
	Found 3 DNSKEY records for ac
	`ac. 3600 IN DNSKEY ( 256 3 8 AwEAAarwfEHbr3Q1MmMASll9Wl5E5JXk88B/v5urhbfRkdKkGapz6AFqTdX0ujlnCMAyfEtKeHPn 9UyMczBps4FPNan7nIVMWQZPvFQJJcX50Z1NMmsnlSUX82qShvO1yzQNcJtZ0Zb2thj6ysiABoOd ySt0eXakT0AkGJx/qXLlrpt7 ) ; keytag 37029`
	`ac. 3600 IN DNSKEY ( 257 3 8 AwEAAdNqohrHz11qNR/fxISBBsV5yX8IQcyDTDY05ojXr/Gt1ZDdCo2LaPK2C1NfTk9s0voBrgZ+ kc35em7JHYMnEat1PC0fcuTyKd/orotjm/SlTGo30Z5PUD0lCcUKp1iQvMfm3tJYMtlXuXwODLPL PqSZLpSJx5RFxbNyi9HB5iKwNSQHK4/2Exmvsw12bvIyIezNE36g2xztZwEylgKf941ff7rsW5og jbp4L6hFK1UX1gWLYU7/gMu6dc3NTukYNVgMoEnMspNeFXhh9ozWsAfHhtPC50Ol9AYgOP9DUgtU vDWFQ9nNFFFMS+P/CMEG1bNtSjEwbQo4Wpj9OxqEacc= ) ; keytag 42665`
	`ac. 3600 IN DNSKEY ( 256 3 8 AwEAAcLV/iD5gsWdwuXPNm+bYfFeEtC4nYgmXU69T7FDSh/xzyi35/I3PkotpyuPcckUKcECeKy8 7maqx3jBggCeEJ18lVQELCUD+V6+4NWz/4orUwQ4EUKEWnTsL47nT6Pr2nrhl5NZId07doq+o2qC DX4nrt/I/Z4tfdzAVrzxVh/J ) ; keytag 14253`
	DNSKEY=42665/SEP is now in the chain-of-trust
	DS=42665/SHA-256 verifies DNSKEY=42665/SEP
	Found 1 RRSIGs over DNSKEY RRset
	`ac. 3600 IN RRSIG ( DNSKEY 8 1 3600 20260331182931 20260310172931 42665 ac. 0om9jNPA5xU7FZHtN+rktiiMzrgPpBrmISwM2YyvrlysTisK7OnGNpx3h/2W/LW4TbViklD3pt/b X78poy5Pau29XNM+IMd64jxNMX/io9IVa1tXp4e42ORGBDq0GuBpuPMIE/J52t+rFtJlSDolU7dp WR3J5JDorUe2C1H2o9c4NiOy4vnYUXsBhX467p4M+UmKNWPnWJP0+/MLGxdw0SdpWRCiBJxRk7Na du82yM3Xg4TfcDwOQWBBBu+wRaiNlRMuy+VbV3DWKMDsAQuFzl3cdlophiiSfWFGQQv96aMZetNG Xb4NjqlklFkwj9+uhdh6HE39Xkc/YhXuXlfD0g== )`
	RRSIG=42665 and DNSKEY=42665/SEP verifies the DNSKEY RRset
	DNSKEY=37029 is now in the chain-of-trust
	DNSKEY=14253 is now in the chain-of-trust
	Query to a2.nic.ac for d.ac/A
	Received 303 bytes from 65.22.163.1
	;; Response received from [65.22.163.1] 303 octets ;; HEADER SECTION ;; id = 37563 ;; qr = 1 aa = 0 tc = 0 rd = 0 opcode = QUERY ;; ra = 0 z = 0 ad = 0 cd = 0 rcode = NOERROR ;; do = 1 co = 0 ;; qdcount = 1 ancount = 0 ;; nscount = 4 arcount = 1 ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0, ;; "FLAGS": "8000", ;; "RCODE": 0, ;; "UDPSIZE": 1232, ;; "OPTIONS": [ ] ;; } ;; QUESTION SECTION (1 record) ;; d.ac. IN A ;; ANSWER SECTION (0 records) ;; AUTHORITY SECTION (4 records) d.ac. 3600 IN NS yichun.ns.cloudflare.com. d.ac. 3600 IN NS bristol.ns.cloudflare.com. d.ac. 3600 IN DS ( 2371 13 2 abd8b4759672d7152d480cf61b3b8420ecdd9c312b2e2ff79013e355102ca51f ) d.ac. 3600 IN RRSIG ( DS 8 2 3600 20260331182931 20260310172931 14253 ac. OP5vSh6k2MjlEC9RuVi8MefjGhBPAi+4tjHol/chDsIj0vSy5b5n81FfDE9phV+cMdS0IW3AVsh7 F904e9qMw74lsHG/nTKImlqN5nCpY+cI87ibs7wevbTn/gIb6/LFFtuYVKFW4FKR2zQEdQKuLY1E UtSDH/uOukz4sr/YzsM= ) ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION (1 record) ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0 }
	Query to a0.nic.ac for d.ac/DNSKEY
	Received 303 bytes from 65.22.160.1
	;; Response received from [65.22.160.1] 303 octets ;; HEADER SECTION ;; id = 28168 ;; qr = 1 aa = 0 tc = 0 rd = 0 opcode = QUERY ;; ra = 0 z = 0 ad = 0 cd = 0 rcode = NOERROR ;; do = 1 co = 0 ;; qdcount = 1 ancount = 0 ;; nscount = 4 arcount = 1 ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0, ;; "FLAGS": "8000", ;; "RCODE": 0, ;; "UDPSIZE": 1232, ;; "OPTIONS": [ ] ;; } ;; QUESTION SECTION (1 record) ;; d.ac. IN DNSKEY ;; ANSWER SECTION (0 records) ;; AUTHORITY SECTION (4 records) d.ac. 3600 IN NS bristol.ns.cloudflare.com. d.ac. 3600 IN NS yichun.ns.cloudflare.com. d.ac. 3600 IN DS ( 2371 13 2 abd8b4759672d7152d480cf61b3b8420ecdd9c312b2e2ff79013e355102ca51f ) d.ac. 3600 IN RRSIG ( DS 8 2 3600 20260331182931 20260310172931 14253 ac. OP5vSh6k2MjlEC9RuVi8MefjGhBPAi+4tjHol/chDsIj0vSy5b5n81FfDE9phV+cMdS0IW3AVsh7 F904e9qMw74lsHG/nTKImlqN5nCpY+cI87ibs7wevbTn/gIb6/LFFtuYVKFW4FKR2zQEdQKuLY1E UtSDH/uOukz4sr/YzsM= ) ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION (1 record) ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0 }
	Found child zone d.ac

d.ac

	Checking DS between ac and d.ac
	Query to b0.nic.ac for d.ac/DS
	Received 243 bytes from 65.22.161.1
	;; Response received from [65.22.161.1] 243 octets ;; HEADER SECTION ;; id = 25366 ;; qr = 1 aa = 1 tc = 0 rd = 0 opcode = QUERY ;; ra = 0 z = 0 ad = 0 cd = 0 rcode = NOERROR ;; do = 1 co = 0 ;; qdcount = 1 ancount = 2 ;; nscount = 0 arcount = 1 ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0, ;; "FLAGS": "8000", ;; "RCODE": 0, ;; "UDPSIZE": 1232, ;; "OPTIONS": [ ] ;; } ;; QUESTION SECTION (1 record) ;; d.ac. IN DS ;; ANSWER SECTION (2 records) d.ac. 3600 IN DS ( 2371 13 2 abd8b4759672d7152d480cf61b3b8420ecdd9c312b2e2ff79013e355102ca51f ) d.ac. 3600 IN RRSIG ( DS 8 2 3600 20260331182931 20260310172931 14253 ac. OP5vSh6k2MjlEC9RuVi8MefjGhBPAi+4tjHol/chDsIj0vSy5b5n81FfDE9phV+cMdS0IW3AVsh7 F904e9qMw74lsHG/nTKImlqN5nCpY+cI87ibs7wevbTn/gIb6/LFFtuYVKFW4FKR2zQEdQKuLY1E UtSDH/uOukz4sr/YzsM= ) ;; AUTHORITY SECTION (0 records) ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION (1 record) ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0 }
	Found 1 DS records for d.ac in the ac zone
	DS=2371/SHA-256 has algorithm ECDSAP256SHA256
	Found 1 RRSIGs over DS RRset
	`d.ac. 3600 IN RRSIG ( DS 8 2 3600 20260331182931 20260310172931 14253 ac. OP5vSh6k2MjlEC9RuVi8MefjGhBPAi+4tjHol/chDsIj0vSy5b5n81FfDE9phV+cMdS0IW3AVsh7 F904e9qMw74lsHG/nTKImlqN5nCpY+cI87ibs7wevbTn/gIb6/LFFtuYVKFW4FKR2zQEdQKuLY1E UtSDH/uOukz4sr/YzsM= )`
	RRSIG=14253 and DNSKEY=14253 verifies the DS RRset
	DS=2371/SHA-256 is now in the chain-of-trust
	`d.ac. 3600 IN DS ( 2371 13 2 abd8b4759672d7152d480cf61b3b8420ecdd9c312b2e2ff79013e355102ca51f )`
	Query to bristol.ns.cloudflare.com for d.ac/DNSKEY
	Received 293 bytes from 108.162.194.47
	;; Response received from [108.162.194.47] 293 octets ;; HEADER SECTION ;; id = 51281 ;; qr = 1 aa = 1 tc = 0 rd = 0 opcode = QUERY ;; ra = 0 z = 0 ad = 0 cd = 0 rcode = NOERROR ;; do = 1 co = 0 ;; qdcount = 1 ancount = 3 ;; nscount = 0 arcount = 1 ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0, ;; "FLAGS": "8000", ;; "RCODE": 0, ;; "UDPSIZE": 1232, ;; "OPTIONS": [ ] ;; } ;; QUESTION SECTION (1 record) ;; d.ac. IN DNSKEY ;; ANSWER SECTION (3 records) d.ac. 3600 IN DNSKEY ( 257 3 13 mdsswUyr3DPW132mOi8V9xESWE8jTo0dxCjjnopKl+GqJxpVXckHAeF+KkxLbxILfDLUT0rAK9iU zy1L53eKGQ== ) ; keytag 2371 d.ac. 3600 IN DNSKEY ( 256 3 13 oJMRESz5E4gYzS/q6XDrvU1qMPYIjCWzJaOau8XNEZeqCYKD5ar0IRd8KqXXFJkqmVfRvMGPmM1x 8fGAa2XhSA== ) ; keytag 34505 d.ac. 3600 IN RRSIG ( DNSKEY 13 2 3600 20260506171512 20260306171512 2371 d.ac. PgID1txB+RyvvKHpfd+52nNWb7XGGEyI2rmc8XrfaYbL2L1F4UFudyQiaThyn3u5RqcuuCiINTGX oiRgChotLg== ) ;; AUTHORITY SECTION (0 records) ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION (1 record) ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0 }
	Found 2 DNSKEY records for d.ac
	`d.ac. 3600 IN DNSKEY ( 257 3 13 mdsswUyr3DPW132mOi8V9xESWE8jTo0dxCjjnopKl+GqJxpVXckHAeF+KkxLbxILfDLUT0rAK9iU zy1L53eKGQ== ) ; keytag 2371`
	`d.ac. 3600 IN DNSKEY ( 256 3 13 oJMRESz5E4gYzS/q6XDrvU1qMPYIjCWzJaOau8XNEZeqCYKD5ar0IRd8KqXXFJkqmVfRvMGPmM1x 8fGAa2XhSA== ) ; keytag 34505`
	DNSKEY=2371/SEP is now in the chain-of-trust
	DS=2371/SHA-256 verifies DNSKEY=2371/SEP
	Found 1 RRSIGs over DNSKEY RRset
	`d.ac. 3600 IN RRSIG ( DNSKEY 13 2 3600 20260506171512 20260306171512 2371 d.ac. PgID1txB+RyvvKHpfd+52nNWb7XGGEyI2rmc8XrfaYbL2L1F4UFudyQiaThyn3u5RqcuuCiINTGX oiRgChotLg== )`
	RRSIG=2371 and DNSKEY=2371/SEP verifies the DNSKEY RRset
	DNSKEY=34505 is now in the chain-of-trust
	Query to yichun.ns.cloudflare.com for d.ac/A
	Received 165 bytes from 108.162.193.248
	;; Response received from [108.162.193.248] 165 octets ;; HEADER SECTION ;; id = 53059 ;; qr = 1 aa = 1 tc = 0 rd = 0 opcode = QUERY ;; ra = 0 z = 0 ad = 0 cd = 0 rcode = NOERROR ;; do = 1 co = 0 ;; qdcount = 1 ancount = 3 ;; nscount = 0 arcount = 1 ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0, ;; "FLAGS": "8000", ;; "RCODE": 0, ;; "UDPSIZE": 1232, ;; "OPTIONS": [ ] ;; } ;; QUESTION SECTION (1 record) ;; d.ac. IN A ;; ANSWER SECTION (3 records) d.ac. 300 IN A 172.67.201.34 d.ac. 300 IN A 104.21.52.155 d.ac. 300 IN RRSIG ( A 13 2 300 20260317192645 20260315172645 34505 d.ac. 9K3HI3mrzN2E9beRBe4Jw5ahRGxQs7Nr8/oeAY4dTdI4hGMoVFDR4DIJiFiqBqo36KnNOZlJyETh kOHBs91/VA== ) ;; AUTHORITY SECTION (0 records) ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION (1 record) ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0 }
	yichun.ns.cloudflare.com is authoritative for d.ac
	Found RRSIG signed by d.ac zone
	Query to bristol.ns.cloudflare.com for d.ac/SOA
	Received 198 bytes from 108.162.194.47
	;; Response received from [108.162.194.47] 198 octets ;; HEADER SECTION ;; id = 56218 ;; qr = 1 aa = 1 tc = 0 rd = 0 opcode = QUERY ;; ra = 0 z = 0 ad = 0 cd = 0 rcode = NOERROR ;; do = 1 co = 0 ;; qdcount = 1 ancount = 2 ;; nscount = 0 arcount = 1 ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0, ;; "FLAGS": "8000", ;; "RCODE": 0, ;; "UDPSIZE": 1232, ;; "OPTIONS": [ ] ;; } ;; QUESTION SECTION (1 record) ;; d.ac. IN SOA ;; ANSWER SECTION (2 records) d.ac. 1800 IN SOA ( bristol.ns.cloudflare.com. dns.cloudflare.com. 2398389417 ;serial 10000 ;refresh 2400 ;retry 604800 ;expire 1800 ;minimum ) d.ac. 1800 IN RRSIG ( SOA 13 2 1800 20260317192645 20260315172645 34505 d.ac. wwTMn2YdJs77u7xfDWORkTihCE1L7YnRym93Vbzcc/wfXuRPBV/wNOIAPsEuGHbwVhz8ZW6A5zBN p1S11g9sjQ== ) ;; AUTHORITY SECTION (0 records) ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION (1 record) ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0 }
	Query to yichun.ns.cloudflare.com for d.ac/A
	Received 165 bytes from 173.245.59.248
	;; Response received from [173.245.59.248] 165 octets ;; HEADER SECTION ;; id = 22703 ;; qr = 1 aa = 1 tc = 0 rd = 0 opcode = QUERY ;; ra = 0 z = 0 ad = 0 cd = 0 rcode = NOERROR ;; do = 1 co = 0 ;; qdcount = 1 ancount = 3 ;; nscount = 0 arcount = 1 ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0, ;; "FLAGS": "8000", ;; "RCODE": 0, ;; "UDPSIZE": 1232, ;; "OPTIONS": [ ] ;; } ;; QUESTION SECTION (1 record) ;; d.ac. IN A ;; ANSWER SECTION (3 records) d.ac. 300 IN A 172.67.201.34 d.ac. 300 IN A 104.21.52.155 d.ac. 300 IN RRSIG ( A 13 2 300 20260317192645 20260315172645 34505 d.ac. qLA+djMXFw42YXlUpa9uGOj7duBjCP1PEj79bmztculnMLY/etlG3JnKDjZG5tIi5kaywJwQvvNY m2D/YOwyUQ== ) ;; AUTHORITY SECTION (0 records) ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION (1 record) ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0 }
	d.ac A RR has value 172.67.201.34
	d.ac A RR has value 104.21.52.155
	Found 1 RRSIGs over A RRset
	`d.ac. 300 IN RRSIG ( A 13 2 300 20260317192645 20260315172645 34505 d.ac. qLA+djMXFw42YXlUpa9uGOj7duBjCP1PEj79bmztculnMLY/etlG3JnKDjZG5tIi5kaywJwQvvNY m2D/YOwyUQ== )`
	RRSIG=34505 and DNSKEY=34505 verifies the A RRset

d.ac

	Query to bristol.ns.cloudflare.com for d.ac/A
	Received 165 bytes from 108.162.194.47
	;; Response received from [108.162.194.47] 165 octets ;; HEADER SECTION ;; id = 24991 ;; qr = 1 aa = 1 tc = 0 rd = 0 opcode = QUERY ;; ra = 0 z = 0 ad = 0 cd = 0 rcode = NOERROR ;; do = 1 co = 0 ;; qdcount = 1 ancount = 3 ;; nscount = 0 arcount = 1 ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0, ;; "FLAGS": "8000", ;; "RCODE": 0, ;; "UDPSIZE": 1232, ;; "OPTIONS": [ ] ;; } ;; QUESTION SECTION (1 record) ;; d.ac. IN A ;; ANSWER SECTION (3 records) d.ac. 300 IN A 172.67.201.34 d.ac. 300 IN A 104.21.52.155 d.ac. 300 IN RRSIG ( A 13 2 300 20260317192645 20260315172645 34505 d.ac. v7ip9bjWuAjy4HvyVsnJCTnufm9PuacDPEbai81ayGkUrEc/tvddLRVRo9SmdRfV55B8LLo4FfkD BN76eTIDGw== ) ;; AUTHORITY SECTION (0 records) ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION (1 record) ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0 }
	bristol.ns.cloudflare.com is authoritative for d.ac
	Found RRSIG signed by d.ac zone
	Query to bristol.ns.cloudflare.com for d.ac/A
	Received 165 bytes from 162.159.38.47
	;; Response received from [162.159.38.47] 165 octets ;; HEADER SECTION ;; id = 18572 ;; qr = 1 aa = 1 tc = 0 rd = 0 opcode = QUERY ;; ra = 0 z = 0 ad = 0 cd = 0 rcode = NOERROR ;; do = 1 co = 0 ;; qdcount = 1 ancount = 3 ;; nscount = 0 arcount = 1 ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0, ;; "FLAGS": "8000", ;; "RCODE": 0, ;; "UDPSIZE": 1232, ;; "OPTIONS": [ ] ;; } ;; QUESTION SECTION (1 record) ;; d.ac. IN A ;; ANSWER SECTION (3 records) d.ac. 300 IN A 172.67.201.34 d.ac. 300 IN A 104.21.52.155 d.ac. 300 IN RRSIG ( A 13 2 300 20260317192645 20260315172645 34505 d.ac. r954OonsAH0MO7cA8EWxKFSayUYsuMWE5nrH/PR4D+IXJ1/L15ViW/qqZe01buqqbKohPiTXDLZ7 G64V4Nsj6Q== ) ;; AUTHORITY SECTION (0 records) ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION (1 record) ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0 }
	d.ac A RR has value 172.67.201.34
	d.ac A RR has value 104.21.52.155
	Found 1 RRSIGs over A RRset
	`d.ac. 300 IN RRSIG ( A 13 2 300 20260317192645 20260315172645 34505 d.ac. r954OonsAH0MO7cA8EWxKFSayUYsuMWE5nrH/PR4D+IXJ1/L15ViW/qqZe01buqqbKohPiTXDLZ7 G64V4Nsj6Q== )`
	RRSIG=34505 and DNSKEY=34505 verifies the A RRset

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