DNSSEC Debugger - hdl.handle.net

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Domain Name:

Detail: more(+) / less(-)

Time: 2026-09-11 16:14:58 UTC

Analyzing DNSSEC problems for hdl.handle.net

DS=20326/SHA-256 is now in the chain-of-trust

DS=38696/SHA-256 is now in the chain-of-trust

	Checking DS between Trust Anchor and .
	`. IN DS ( 20326 8 2 e06d44b80b8f1d39a95c0b0d7c65d08458e880409bbc683457104237c7f8ec8d )`
	`. IN DS ( 38696 8 2 683d2d0acb8c9b712a1948b27f741219298d0a450d612c483af444a4c0fb2b16 )`
	Query to l.root-servers.net for ./DNSKEY
	Received 1139 bytes from 199.7.83.42
	;; Response received from [199.7.83.42] 1139 octets ;; HEADER SECTION ;; id = 12969 ;; qr = 1 aa = 1 tc = 0 rd = 0 opcode = QUERY ;; ra = 0 z = 0 ad = 0 cd = 0 rcode = NOERROR ;; do = 1 co = 0 ;; qdcount = 1 ancount = 4 ;; nscount = 0 arcount = 1 ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0, ;; "FLAGS": "8000", ;; "RCODE": 0, ;; "UDPSIZE": 4096, ;; "OPTIONS": [ ] ;; } ;; QUESTION SECTION (1 record) ;; . IN DNSKEY ;; ANSWER SECTION (4 records) . 172800 IN DNSKEY ( 256 3 8 AwEAAeCYD6Z7WWKVLeuWgowKP+3g+Gs1cnLKq7a3CaQxQpv8bfuFVI0WnG33qaSH/Mw9IBgifrdz f4XY/DQLnyBJ9MfaOyAWuEaEmYJ+GQPiwVVfstGwSA1McfFJUttTgq2Huu74KARhtA8wPo/N3Xcy YQtNhz+qCM5NBb3ecx/naw6sYab9LxS6f2cU0q03++BP5Ks0Uef8WJCa/1izCYE+vMkwoltV+tEN a3hpXiZ7jle/xdgaZrPi5ZGmyLVI34g1XVYrNlsCCTmNvFQIfzW5STFQFsQpizczyFn9r3LzSxxP CNwdlCG84bER0BmdwqbF6Tanv+FxMOavrahkj4wIy5k= ) ; keytag 57780 . 172800 IN DNSKEY ( 257 3 8 AwEAAaz/tAm8yTn4Mfeh5eyI96WSVexTBAvkMgJzkKTOiW1vkIbzxeF3+/4RgWOq7HrxRixHlFlE xOLAJr5emLvN7SWXgnLh4+B5xQlNVz8Og8kvArMtNROxVQuCaSnIDdD5LKyWbRd2n9WGe2R8PzgC mr3EgVLrjyBxWezF0jLHwVN8efS3rCj/EWgvIWgb9tarpVUDK/b58Da+sqqls3eNbuv7pr+eoZG+ SrDK6nWeL3c6H5Apxz7LjVc1uTIdsIXxuOLYA4/ilBmSVIzuDWfdRUfhHdY6+cn8HFRm+2hM8AnX GXws9555KrUB5qihylGa8subX2Nn6UwNR1AkUTV74bU= ) ; keytag 20326 . 172800 IN DNSKEY ( 257 3 8 AwEAAa96jeuknZlaeSrvyAJj6ZHv28hhOKkx3rLGXVaC6rXTsDc449/cidltpkyGwCJNnOAlFNKF 2jBosZBU5eeHspaQWOmOElZsjICMQMC3aeHbGiShvZsx4wMYSjH8e7Vrhbu6irwCzVBApESjbUdp WWmEnhathWu1jo+siFUiRAAxm9qyJNg/wOZqqzL/dL/q8PkcRU5oUKEpUge71M3ej2/7CPqpdVwu MoTvoB+ZOT4YeGyxMvHmbrxlFzGOHOijtzN+u1TQNatX2XBuzZNQ1K+s2CXkPIZo7s6JgZyvaBev YtxPvYLw4z9mR7K2vaF18UYH9Z9GNUUeayffKC73PYc= ) ; keytag 38696 . 172800 IN RRSIG ( DNSKEY 8 0 172800 20260930000000 20260909000000 20326 . oYSvB9Md+++cwEvRgKH+7O3u5mSWT8tgQ6zxO+A22wU/xfavUVWD6q0A4Tpr1ez840UhnuYEZll3 AoYA+Gv06zGip99UY71evaZ/cSG04Ipz2t6erwiKMbMVQDf4Cx25g28PTJjGuFG62BQxN9GOF8aT F+4KgY3/6kAoLiGVtALiW9d+Pa5LvbLicTif3qvus0u6c63BJ22rK8RXEKaXFD93TlyLprBR80Zv 4smHeqO5hVuVtwxq7/daXiv8laEVQfs9Joq/yjPxz7vaFbaJn00/LgpbpLG6r+y2GteVTLrtvT3v FrxfNH9b9NeYogbF7eUFujmm9TukkkjVxp5tKg== ) ;; AUTHORITY SECTION (0 records) ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION (1 record) ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0 }
	Found 3 DNSKEY records for .
	`. 172800 IN DNSKEY ( 256 3 8 AwEAAeCYD6Z7WWKVLeuWgowKP+3g+Gs1cnLKq7a3CaQxQpv8bfuFVI0WnG33qaSH/Mw9IBgifrdz f4XY/DQLnyBJ9MfaOyAWuEaEmYJ+GQPiwVVfstGwSA1McfFJUttTgq2Huu74KARhtA8wPo/N3Xcy YQtNhz+qCM5NBb3ecx/naw6sYab9LxS6f2cU0q03++BP5Ks0Uef8WJCa/1izCYE+vMkwoltV+tEN a3hpXiZ7jle/xdgaZrPi5ZGmyLVI34g1XVYrNlsCCTmNvFQIfzW5STFQFsQpizczyFn9r3LzSxxP CNwdlCG84bER0BmdwqbF6Tanv+FxMOavrahkj4wIy5k= ) ; keytag 57780`
	`. 172800 IN DNSKEY ( 257 3 8 AwEAAaz/tAm8yTn4Mfeh5eyI96WSVexTBAvkMgJzkKTOiW1vkIbzxeF3+/4RgWOq7HrxRixHlFlE xOLAJr5emLvN7SWXgnLh4+B5xQlNVz8Og8kvArMtNROxVQuCaSnIDdD5LKyWbRd2n9WGe2R8PzgC mr3EgVLrjyBxWezF0jLHwVN8efS3rCj/EWgvIWgb9tarpVUDK/b58Da+sqqls3eNbuv7pr+eoZG+ SrDK6nWeL3c6H5Apxz7LjVc1uTIdsIXxuOLYA4/ilBmSVIzuDWfdRUfhHdY6+cn8HFRm+2hM8AnX GXws9555KrUB5qihylGa8subX2Nn6UwNR1AkUTV74bU= ) ; keytag 20326`
	`. 172800 IN DNSKEY ( 257 3 8 AwEAAa96jeuknZlaeSrvyAJj6ZHv28hhOKkx3rLGXVaC6rXTsDc449/cidltpkyGwCJNnOAlFNKF 2jBosZBU5eeHspaQWOmOElZsjICMQMC3aeHbGiShvZsx4wMYSjH8e7Vrhbu6irwCzVBApESjbUdp WWmEnhathWu1jo+siFUiRAAxm9qyJNg/wOZqqzL/dL/q8PkcRU5oUKEpUge71M3ej2/7CPqpdVwu MoTvoB+ZOT4YeGyxMvHmbrxlFzGOHOijtzN+u1TQNatX2XBuzZNQ1K+s2CXkPIZo7s6JgZyvaBev YtxPvYLw4z9mR7K2vaF18UYH9Z9GNUUeayffKC73PYc= ) ; keytag 38696`
	DNSKEY=20326/SEP is now in the chain-of-trust
	DS=20326/SHA-256 verifies DNSKEY=20326/SEP
	DNSKEY=38696/SEP is now in the chain-of-trust
	DS=38696/SHA-256 verifies DNSKEY=38696/SEP
	Found 1 RRSIGs over DNSKEY RRset
	`. 172800 IN RRSIG ( DNSKEY 8 0 172800 20260930000000 20260909000000 20326 . oYSvB9Md+++cwEvRgKH+7O3u5mSWT8tgQ6zxO+A22wU/xfavUVWD6q0A4Tpr1ez840UhnuYEZll3 AoYA+Gv06zGip99UY71evaZ/cSG04Ipz2t6erwiKMbMVQDf4Cx25g28PTJjGuFG62BQxN9GOF8aT F+4KgY3/6kAoLiGVtALiW9d+Pa5LvbLicTif3qvus0u6c63BJ22rK8RXEKaXFD93TlyLprBR80Zv 4smHeqO5hVuVtwxq7/daXiv8laEVQfs9Joq/yjPxz7vaFbaJn00/LgpbpLG6r+y2GteVTLrtvT3v FrxfNH9b9NeYogbF7eUFujmm9TukkkjVxp5tKg== )`
	RRSIG=20326 and DNSKEY=20326/SEP verifies the DNSKEY RRset
	DNSKEY=57780 is now in the chain-of-trust
	Query to d.root-servers.net for hdl.handle.net/A
	Received 1171 bytes from 199.7.91.13
	;; Response received from [199.7.91.13] 1171 octets ;; HEADER SECTION ;; id = 26412 ;; qr = 1 aa = 0 tc = 0 rd = 0 opcode = QUERY ;; ra = 0 z = 0 ad = 0 cd = 0 rcode = NOERROR ;; do = 1 co = 0 ;; qdcount = 1 ancount = 0 ;; nscount = 15 arcount = 27 ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0, ;; "FLAGS": "8000", ;; "RCODE": 0, ;; "UDPSIZE": 1450, ;; "OPTIONS": [ ] ;; } ;; QUESTION SECTION (1 record) ;; hdl.handle.net. IN A ;; ANSWER SECTION (0 records) ;; AUTHORITY SECTION (15 records) net. 172800 IN NS a.gtld-servers.net. net. 172800 IN NS b.gtld-servers.net. net. 172800 IN NS c.gtld-servers.net. net. 172800 IN NS d.gtld-servers.net. net. 172800 IN NS e.gtld-servers.net. net. 172800 IN NS f.gtld-servers.net. net. 172800 IN NS g.gtld-servers.net. net. 172800 IN NS h.gtld-servers.net. net. 172800 IN NS i.gtld-servers.net. net. 172800 IN NS j.gtld-servers.net. net. 172800 IN NS k.gtld-servers.net. net. 172800 IN NS l.gtld-servers.net. net. 172800 IN NS m.gtld-servers.net. net. 86400 IN DS ( 37331 13 2 2f0bec2d6f79dfbd1d08fd21a3af92d0e39a4b9ef1e3f4111fff282490da453b ) net. 86400 IN RRSIG ( DS 8 1 86400 20260924050000 20260911040000 57780 . GIR+nnS5tDcPbwztx27JW6aYUl2yZy/zXd8PmqOaKb7zPSEuPTf00c9CKqLHDPJPC4jK3XW2uvGG /K1A3YJfLDwOTP89jTWB9kkOLpvDHZe7tcaMvbukpTrmq58gXurh1Hi8TmEzi5aDvUhjtHXBJA2S rsPv2QnSWOcQngfq2jjQwPom4Mp80S1OklVRZRTB3hZGeG4AFoPkIkQtanHtqzmybh0BLDHJb6q1 b/VOaWzMx5aDXYjDjQ+UFMvsbkX581ljYk3cw4/jht2adn6KthCeQozwVI/6hpSGXmDaPQbmtsp5 x9/Qzxrr7+uIXeIQIojiZ8uG+U2KU5PJJWaf/Q== ) ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION (27 records) a.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN A 192.5.6.30 b.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN A 192.33.14.30 c.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN A 192.26.92.30 d.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN A 192.31.80.30 e.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN A 192.12.94.30 f.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN A 192.35.51.30 g.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN A 192.42.93.30 h.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN A 192.54.112.30 i.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN A 192.43.172.30 j.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN A 192.48.79.30 k.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN A 192.52.178.30 l.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN A 192.41.162.30 m.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN A 192.55.83.30 a.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN AAAA 2001:503:a83e::2:30 b.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN AAAA 2001:503:231d::2:30 c.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN AAAA 2001:503:83eb::30 d.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN AAAA 2001:500:856e::30 e.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN AAAA 2001:502:1ca1::30 f.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN AAAA 2001:503:d414::30 g.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN AAAA 2001:503:eea3::30 h.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN AAAA 2001:502:8cc::30 i.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN AAAA 2001:503:39c1::30 j.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN AAAA 2001:502:7094::30 k.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN AAAA 2001:503:d2d::30 l.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN AAAA 2001:500:d937::30 m.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN AAAA 2001:501:b1f9::30 ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0 }
	Query to g.root-servers.net for net/DNSKEY
	Received 1160 bytes from 192.112.36.4
	;; Response received from [192.112.36.4] 1160 octets ;; HEADER SECTION ;; id = 8902 ;; qr = 1 aa = 0 tc = 0 rd = 0 opcode = QUERY ;; ra = 0 z = 0 ad = 0 cd = 0 rcode = NOERROR ;; do = 1 co = 0 ;; qdcount = 1 ancount = 0 ;; nscount = 15 arcount = 27 ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0, ;; "FLAGS": "8000", ;; "RCODE": 0, ;; "UDPSIZE": 1232, ;; "OPTIONS": [ ] ;; } ;; QUESTION SECTION (1 record) ;; net. IN DNSKEY ;; ANSWER SECTION (0 records) ;; AUTHORITY SECTION (15 records) net. 172800 IN NS l.gtld-servers.net. net. 172800 IN NS k.gtld-servers.net. net. 172800 IN NS e.gtld-servers.net. net. 172800 IN NS i.gtld-servers.net. net. 172800 IN NS c.gtld-servers.net. net. 172800 IN NS g.gtld-servers.net. net. 172800 IN NS d.gtld-servers.net. net. 172800 IN NS b.gtld-servers.net. net. 172800 IN NS f.gtld-servers.net. net. 172800 IN NS h.gtld-servers.net. net. 172800 IN NS j.gtld-servers.net. net. 172800 IN NS m.gtld-servers.net. net. 172800 IN NS a.gtld-servers.net. net. 86400 IN DS ( 37331 13 2 2f0bec2d6f79dfbd1d08fd21a3af92d0e39a4b9ef1e3f4111fff282490da453b ) net. 86400 IN RRSIG ( DS 8 1 86400 20260924050000 20260911040000 57780 . GIR+nnS5tDcPbwztx27JW6aYUl2yZy/zXd8PmqOaKb7zPSEuPTf00c9CKqLHDPJPC4jK3XW2uvGG /K1A3YJfLDwOTP89jTWB9kkOLpvDHZe7tcaMvbukpTrmq58gXurh1Hi8TmEzi5aDvUhjtHXBJA2S rsPv2QnSWOcQngfq2jjQwPom4Mp80S1OklVRZRTB3hZGeG4AFoPkIkQtanHtqzmybh0BLDHJb6q1 b/VOaWzMx5aDXYjDjQ+UFMvsbkX581ljYk3cw4/jht2adn6KthCeQozwVI/6hpSGXmDaPQbmtsp5 x9/Qzxrr7+uIXeIQIojiZ8uG+U2KU5PJJWaf/Q== ) ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION (27 records) a.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN A 192.5.6.30 b.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN A 192.33.14.30 c.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN A 192.26.92.30 d.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN A 192.31.80.30 e.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN A 192.12.94.30 f.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN A 192.35.51.30 g.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN A 192.42.93.30 h.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN A 192.54.112.30 i.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN A 192.43.172.30 j.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN A 192.48.79.30 k.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN A 192.52.178.30 l.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN A 192.41.162.30 m.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN A 192.55.83.30 a.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN AAAA 2001:503:a83e::2:30 b.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN AAAA 2001:503:231d::2:30 c.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN AAAA 2001:503:83eb::30 d.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN AAAA 2001:500:856e::30 e.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN AAAA 2001:502:1ca1::30 f.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN AAAA 2001:503:d414::30 g.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN AAAA 2001:503:eea3::30 h.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN AAAA 2001:502:8cc::30 i.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN AAAA 2001:503:39c1::30 j.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN AAAA 2001:502:7094::30 k.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN AAAA 2001:503:d2d::30 l.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN AAAA 2001:500:d937::30 m.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN AAAA 2001:501:b1f9::30 ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0 }
	Found child zone net

net

	Checking DS between . and net
	Query to c.root-servers.net for net/DS
	Received 367 bytes from 192.33.4.12
	;; Response received from [192.33.4.12] 367 octets ;; HEADER SECTION ;; id = 7121 ;; qr = 1 aa = 1 tc = 0 rd = 0 opcode = QUERY ;; ra = 0 z = 0 ad = 0 cd = 0 rcode = NOERROR ;; do = 1 co = 0 ;; qdcount = 1 ancount = 2 ;; nscount = 0 arcount = 1 ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0, ;; "FLAGS": "8000", ;; "RCODE": 0, ;; "UDPSIZE": 1232, ;; "OPTIONS": [ ] ;; } ;; QUESTION SECTION (1 record) ;; net. IN DS ;; ANSWER SECTION (2 records) net. 86400 IN DS ( 37331 13 2 2f0bec2d6f79dfbd1d08fd21a3af92d0e39a4b9ef1e3f4111fff282490da453b ) net. 86400 IN RRSIG ( DS 8 1 86400 20260924050000 20260911040000 57780 . GIR+nnS5tDcPbwztx27JW6aYUl2yZy/zXd8PmqOaKb7zPSEuPTf00c9CKqLHDPJPC4jK3XW2uvGG /K1A3YJfLDwOTP89jTWB9kkOLpvDHZe7tcaMvbukpTrmq58gXurh1Hi8TmEzi5aDvUhjtHXBJA2S rsPv2QnSWOcQngfq2jjQwPom4Mp80S1OklVRZRTB3hZGeG4AFoPkIkQtanHtqzmybh0BLDHJb6q1 b/VOaWzMx5aDXYjDjQ+UFMvsbkX581ljYk3cw4/jht2adn6KthCeQozwVI/6hpSGXmDaPQbmtsp5 x9/Qzxrr7+uIXeIQIojiZ8uG+U2KU5PJJWaf/Q== ) ;; AUTHORITY SECTION (0 records) ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION (1 record) ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0 }
	Found 1 DS records for net in the . zone
	DS=37331/SHA-256 has algorithm ECDSAP256SHA256
	Found 1 RRSIGs over DS RRset
	`net. 86400 IN RRSIG ( DS 8 1 86400 20260924050000 20260911040000 57780 . GIR+nnS5tDcPbwztx27JW6aYUl2yZy/zXd8PmqOaKb7zPSEuPTf00c9CKqLHDPJPC4jK3XW2uvGG /K1A3YJfLDwOTP89jTWB9kkOLpvDHZe7tcaMvbukpTrmq58gXurh1Hi8TmEzi5aDvUhjtHXBJA2S rsPv2QnSWOcQngfq2jjQwPom4Mp80S1OklVRZRTB3hZGeG4AFoPkIkQtanHtqzmybh0BLDHJb6q1 b/VOaWzMx5aDXYjDjQ+UFMvsbkX581ljYk3cw4/jht2adn6KthCeQozwVI/6hpSGXmDaPQbmtsp5 x9/Qzxrr7+uIXeIQIojiZ8uG+U2KU5PJJWaf/Q== )`
	RRSIG=57780 and DNSKEY=57780 verifies the DS RRset
	DS=37331/SHA-256 is now in the chain-of-trust
	`net. 86400 IN DS ( 37331 13 2 2f0bec2d6f79dfbd1d08fd21a3af92d0e39a4b9ef1e3f4111fff282490da453b )`
	Query to e.gtld-servers.net for net/DNSKEY
	Received 291 bytes from 192.12.94.30
	;; Response received from [192.12.94.30] 291 octets ;; HEADER SECTION ;; id = 33499 ;; qr = 1 aa = 1 tc = 0 rd = 0 opcode = QUERY ;; ra = 0 z = 0 ad = 0 cd = 0 rcode = NOERROR ;; do = 1 co = 0 ;; qdcount = 1 ancount = 3 ;; nscount = 0 arcount = 1 ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0, ;; "FLAGS": "8000", ;; "RCODE": 0, ;; "UDPSIZE": 4096, ;; "OPTIONS": [ ] ;; } ;; QUESTION SECTION (1 record) ;; net. IN DNSKEY ;; ANSWER SECTION (3 records) net. 86400 IN DNSKEY ( 257 3 13 HiBoGpzDRAgrDmUXXTSnl7jCX6Hx5bzkU2jSxMbVI01yS+13EyOghnCidBXU0bH2gi2w9GhYGacp U6CrtwoFNg== ) ; keytag 37331 net. 86400 IN DNSKEY ( 256 3 13 l7rgjR/OtA0Y0DPdQWAIu7VCMbTmizfNQGT4JCU4JKy1hh7qvLHWZHIics0BKnA3mS7ib8EdptDg 6tWkXcv37w== ) ; keytag 7272 net. 86400 IN RRSIG ( DNSKEY 13 1 86400 20260919141035 20260904140535 37331 net. HqZXU2QeMOG/3kw3yiPH1XtywZKFGBtAHvRCxwB3k0XOrKHjK4tEwJ/wpGpyoi+rM09E3ZjhyXVT Con9GW7yaQ== ) ;; AUTHORITY SECTION (0 records) ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION (1 record) ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0 }
	Found 2 DNSKEY records for net
	`net. 86400 IN DNSKEY ( 257 3 13 HiBoGpzDRAgrDmUXXTSnl7jCX6Hx5bzkU2jSxMbVI01yS+13EyOghnCidBXU0bH2gi2w9GhYGacp U6CrtwoFNg== ) ; keytag 37331`
	`net. 86400 IN DNSKEY ( 256 3 13 l7rgjR/OtA0Y0DPdQWAIu7VCMbTmizfNQGT4JCU4JKy1hh7qvLHWZHIics0BKnA3mS7ib8EdptDg 6tWkXcv37w== ) ; keytag 7272`
	DNSKEY=37331/SEP is now in the chain-of-trust
	DS=37331/SHA-256 verifies DNSKEY=37331/SEP
	Found 1 RRSIGs over DNSKEY RRset
	`net. 86400 IN RRSIG ( DNSKEY 13 1 86400 20260919141035 20260904140535 37331 net. HqZXU2QeMOG/3kw3yiPH1XtywZKFGBtAHvRCxwB3k0XOrKHjK4tEwJ/wpGpyoi+rM09E3ZjhyXVT Con9GW7yaQ== )`
	RRSIG=37331 and DNSKEY=37331/SEP verifies the DNSKEY RRset
	DNSKEY=7272 is now in the chain-of-trust
	Query to b.gtld-servers.net for hdl.handle.net/A
	Received 246 bytes from 192.33.14.30
	;; Response received from [192.33.14.30] 246 octets ;; HEADER SECTION ;; id = 1750 ;; qr = 1 aa = 0 tc = 0 rd = 0 opcode = QUERY ;; ra = 0 z = 0 ad = 0 cd = 0 rcode = NOERROR ;; do = 1 co = 0 ;; qdcount = 1 ancount = 0 ;; nscount = 4 arcount = 1 ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0, ;; "FLAGS": "8000", ;; "RCODE": 0, ;; "UDPSIZE": 4096, ;; "OPTIONS": [ ] ;; } ;; QUESTION SECTION (1 record) ;; hdl.handle.net. IN A ;; ANSWER SECTION (0 records) ;; AUTHORITY SECTION (4 records) handle.net. 172800 IN NS brad.ns.cloudflare.com. handle.net. 172800 IN NS linda.ns.cloudflare.com. handle.net. 86400 IN DS ( 2371 13 2 57c16300c3f2e5ac1656f89575bffb7fcd2c40210cf03e603cb13809b3d4babf ) handle.net. 86400 IN RRSIG ( DS 13 2 86400 20260915034953 20260908023953 7272 net. /vQtYwgsCWNp53gthkCHfn1g57Pl75zoiv2r4kR9c2C3DlH9qFIJJ4YCjvdanyVz2S+E7l8HSAQx Z+j9pxG2Lw== ) ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION (1 record) ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0 }
	Query to h.gtld-servers.net for handle.net/DNSKEY
	Received 242 bytes from 192.54.112.30
	;; Response received from [192.54.112.30] 242 octets ;; HEADER SECTION ;; id = 27006 ;; qr = 1 aa = 0 tc = 0 rd = 0 opcode = QUERY ;; ra = 0 z = 0 ad = 0 cd = 0 rcode = NOERROR ;; do = 1 co = 0 ;; qdcount = 1 ancount = 0 ;; nscount = 4 arcount = 1 ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0, ;; "FLAGS": "8000", ;; "RCODE": 0, ;; "UDPSIZE": 4096, ;; "OPTIONS": [ ] ;; } ;; QUESTION SECTION (1 record) ;; handle.net. IN DNSKEY ;; ANSWER SECTION (0 records) ;; AUTHORITY SECTION (4 records) handle.net. 172800 IN NS brad.ns.cloudflare.com. handle.net. 172800 IN NS linda.ns.cloudflare.com. handle.net. 86400 IN DS ( 2371 13 2 57c16300c3f2e5ac1656f89575bffb7fcd2c40210cf03e603cb13809b3d4babf ) handle.net. 86400 IN RRSIG ( DS 13 2 86400 20260915034953 20260908023953 7272 net. /vQtYwgsCWNp53gthkCHfn1g57Pl75zoiv2r4kR9c2C3DlH9qFIJJ4YCjvdanyVz2S+E7l8HSAQx Z+j9pxG2Lw== ) ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION (1 record) ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0 }
	Found child zone handle.net

handle.net

	Checking DS between net and handle.net
	Query to l.gtld-servers.net for handle.net/DS
	Received 1078 bytes from 192.41.162.30
	;; Response received from [192.41.162.30] 1078 octets ;; HEADER SECTION ;; id = 55342 ;; qr = 1 aa = 1 tc = 0 rd = 0 opcode = QUERY ;; ra = 0 z = 0 ad = 0 cd = 0 rcode = NOERROR ;; do = 1 co = 0 ;; qdcount = 1 ancount = 2 ;; nscount = 14 arcount = 27 ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0, ;; "FLAGS": "8000", ;; "RCODE": 0, ;; "UDPSIZE": 4096, ;; "OPTIONS": [ ] ;; } ;; QUESTION SECTION (1 record) ;; handle.net. IN DS ;; ANSWER SECTION (2 records) handle.net. 86400 IN DS ( 2371 13 2 57c16300c3f2e5ac1656f89575bffb7fcd2c40210cf03e603cb13809b3d4babf ) handle.net. 86400 IN RRSIG ( DS 13 2 86400 20260915034953 20260908023953 7272 net. /vQtYwgsCWNp53gthkCHfn1g57Pl75zoiv2r4kR9c2C3DlH9qFIJJ4YCjvdanyVz2S+E7l8HSAQx Z+j9pxG2Lw== ) ;; AUTHORITY SECTION (14 records) net. 172800 IN NS b.gtld-servers.net. net. 172800 IN NS i.gtld-servers.net. net. 172800 IN NS m.gtld-servers.net. net. 172800 IN NS e.gtld-servers.net. net. 172800 IN NS l.gtld-servers.net. net. 172800 IN NS d.gtld-servers.net. net. 172800 IN NS j.gtld-servers.net. net. 172800 IN NS c.gtld-servers.net. net. 172800 IN NS k.gtld-servers.net. net. 172800 IN NS f.gtld-servers.net. net. 172800 IN NS g.gtld-servers.net. net. 172800 IN NS h.gtld-servers.net. net. 172800 IN NS a.gtld-servers.net. net. 172800 IN RRSIG ( NS 13 1 172800 20260917035035 20260910024035 7272 net. PrsiMF0bXfc2Ao4ivQRSudtD9/FPelUnbcPmnRu/Zf7C1ukPhSyPI/Saz1Dw5QgDujZg59fVb6j5 QkO9tUsEDg== ) ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION (27 records) b.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN A 192.33.14.30 b.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN AAAA 2001:503:231d::2:30 i.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN A 192.43.172.30 i.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN AAAA 2001:503:39c1::30 m.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN A 192.55.83.30 m.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN AAAA 2001:501:b1f9::30 e.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN A 192.12.94.30 e.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN AAAA 2001:502:1ca1::30 l.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN A 192.41.162.30 l.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN AAAA 2001:500:d937::30 d.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN A 192.31.80.30 d.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN AAAA 2001:500:856e::30 j.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN A 192.48.79.30 j.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN AAAA 2001:502:7094::30 c.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN A 192.26.92.30 c.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN AAAA 2001:503:83eb::30 k.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN A 192.52.178.30 k.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN AAAA 2001:503:d2d::30 f.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN A 192.35.51.30 f.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN AAAA 2001:503:d414::30 g.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN A 192.42.93.30 g.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN AAAA 2001:503:eea3::30 h.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN A 192.54.112.30 h.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN AAAA 2001:502:8cc::30 a.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN A 192.5.6.30 a.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN AAAA 2001:503:a83e::2:30 ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0 }
	Found 1 DS records for handle.net in the net zone
	DS=2371/SHA-256 has algorithm ECDSAP256SHA256
	Found 1 RRSIGs over DS RRset
	`handle.net. 86400 IN RRSIG ( DS 13 2 86400 20260915034953 20260908023953 7272 net. /vQtYwgsCWNp53gthkCHfn1g57Pl75zoiv2r4kR9c2C3DlH9qFIJJ4YCjvdanyVz2S+E7l8HSAQx Z+j9pxG2Lw== )`
	RRSIG=7272 and DNSKEY=7272 verifies the DS RRset
	DS=2371/SHA-256 is now in the chain-of-trust
	`handle.net. 86400 IN DS ( 2371 13 2 57c16300c3f2e5ac1656f89575bffb7fcd2c40210cf03e603cb13809b3d4babf )`
	Query to brad.ns.cloudflare.com for handle.net/DNSKEY
	Received 305 bytes from 173.245.59.105
	;; Response received from [173.245.59.105] 305 octets ;; HEADER SECTION ;; id = 17710 ;; qr = 1 aa = 1 tc = 0 rd = 0 opcode = QUERY ;; ra = 0 z = 0 ad = 0 cd = 0 rcode = NOERROR ;; do = 1 co = 0 ;; qdcount = 1 ancount = 3 ;; nscount = 0 arcount = 1 ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0, ;; "FLAGS": "8000", ;; "RCODE": 0, ;; "UDPSIZE": 1232, ;; "OPTIONS": [ ] ;; } ;; QUESTION SECTION (1 record) ;; handle.net. IN DNSKEY ;; ANSWER SECTION (3 records) handle.net. 3600 IN DNSKEY ( 257 3 13 mdsswUyr3DPW132mOi8V9xESWE8jTo0dxCjjnopKl+GqJxpVXckHAeF+KkxLbxILfDLUT0rAK9iU zy1L53eKGQ== ) ; keytag 2371 handle.net. 3600 IN DNSKEY ( 256 3 13 oJMRESz5E4gYzS/q6XDrvU1qMPYIjCWzJaOau8XNEZeqCYKD5ar0IRd8KqXXFJkqmVfRvMGPmM1x 8fGAa2XhSA== ) ; keytag 34505 handle.net. 3600 IN RRSIG ( DNSKEY 13 2 3600 20261024225712 20260824225712 2371 handle.net. n7s6IsHsQtALERUoGdo4JnQ0D8wcNXcIXmIda4wXgo5jnli78HOmVaSM2Nw3LbO3oMYxmsZbU6lq hJVWIUhKKQ== ) ;; AUTHORITY SECTION (0 records) ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION (1 record) ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0 }
	Found 2 DNSKEY records for handle.net
	`handle.net. 3600 IN DNSKEY ( 257 3 13 mdsswUyr3DPW132mOi8V9xESWE8jTo0dxCjjnopKl+GqJxpVXckHAeF+KkxLbxILfDLUT0rAK9iU zy1L53eKGQ== ) ; keytag 2371`
	`handle.net. 3600 IN DNSKEY ( 256 3 13 oJMRESz5E4gYzS/q6XDrvU1qMPYIjCWzJaOau8XNEZeqCYKD5ar0IRd8KqXXFJkqmVfRvMGPmM1x 8fGAa2XhSA== ) ; keytag 34505`
	DNSKEY=2371/SEP is now in the chain-of-trust
	DS=2371/SHA-256 verifies DNSKEY=2371/SEP
	Found 1 RRSIGs over DNSKEY RRset
	`handle.net. 3600 IN RRSIG ( DNSKEY 13 2 3600 20261024225712 20260824225712 2371 handle.net. n7s6IsHsQtALERUoGdo4JnQ0D8wcNXcIXmIda4wXgo5jnli78HOmVaSM2Nw3LbO3oMYxmsZbU6lq hJVWIUhKKQ== )`
	RRSIG=2371 and DNSKEY=2371/SEP verifies the DNSKEY RRset
	DNSKEY=34505 is now in the chain-of-trust
	Query to brad.ns.cloudflare.com for hdl.handle.net/A
	Received 181 bytes from 108.162.193.105
	;; Response received from [108.162.193.105] 181 octets ;; HEADER SECTION ;; id = 36208 ;; qr = 1 aa = 1 tc = 0 rd = 0 opcode = QUERY ;; ra = 0 z = 0 ad = 0 cd = 0 rcode = NOERROR ;; do = 1 co = 0 ;; qdcount = 1 ancount = 3 ;; nscount = 0 arcount = 1 ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0, ;; "FLAGS": "8000", ;; "RCODE": 0, ;; "UDPSIZE": 1232, ;; "OPTIONS": [ ] ;; } ;; QUESTION SECTION (1 record) ;; hdl.handle.net. IN A ;; ANSWER SECTION (3 records) hdl.handle.net. 300 IN A 104.21.6.52 hdl.handle.net. 300 IN A 172.67.154.242 hdl.handle.net. 300 IN RRSIG ( A 13 3 300 20260912171458 20260910151458 34505 handle.net. 5MKRTKKkcrXAdw6oZ5vS0qLDxLT1S1+bPbzk0FSw6+Te1Gq5IARrDPl3aq1eHgdOIZ9IuAwo6Ukk 0FJRvMgBRg== ) ;; AUTHORITY SECTION (0 records) ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION (1 record) ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0 }
	brad.ns.cloudflare.com is authoritative for hdl.handle.net
	Query to linda.ns.cloudflare.com for hdl.handle.net/DNSKEY
	Received 361 bytes from 108.162.192.250
	;; Response received from [108.162.192.250] 361 octets ;; HEADER SECTION ;; id = 22301 ;; qr = 1 aa = 1 tc = 0 rd = 0 opcode = QUERY ;; ra = 0 z = 0 ad = 0 cd = 0 rcode = NOERROR ;; do = 1 co = 0 ;; qdcount = 1 ancount = 0 ;; nscount = 4 arcount = 1 ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0, ;; "FLAGS": "8000", ;; "RCODE": 0, ;; "UDPSIZE": 1232, ;; "OPTIONS": [ ] ;; } ;; QUESTION SECTION (1 record) ;; hdl.handle.net. IN DNSKEY ;; ANSWER SECTION (0 records) ;; AUTHORITY SECTION (4 records) handle.net. 1800 IN SOA ( brad.ns.cloudflare.com. dns.cloudflare.com. 2413921207 ;serial 10000 ;refresh 2400 ;retry 604800 ;expire 1800 ;minimum ) hdl.handle.net. 1800 IN NSEC ( \000.hdl.handle.net. A PTR HINFO MX TXT AAAA LOC SRV NAPTR CERT SSHFP RRSIG NSEC TLSA SMIMEA HIP OPENPGPKEY SVCB HTTPS URI CAA ) handle.net. 1800 IN RRSIG ( SOA 13 2 1800 20260912171458 20260910151458 34505 handle.net. wUPOSoR+aYZs9gBnn7XsZRHbmehn/ZrYb+Fsk/ncvbT94eL5NpiyhQAwkq7bPMHcUgRj9kMh6YfQ amr+cL6d4g== ) hdl.handle.net. 1800 IN RRSIG ( NSEC 13 3 1800 20260912171458 20260910151458 34505 handle.net. 2IiY+ys0xzs0704V4yg67n4mEez+VUv9GrKx+AXSJOD4oNNRqxBb7l9e1uslkn3jJBqkk1fliX2m IzSieKEWYg== ) ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION (1 record) ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0 }
	Found RRSIG signed by handle.net zone
	Query to linda.ns.cloudflare.com for handle.net/SOA
	Received 207 bytes from 172.64.32.250
	;; Response received from [172.64.32.250] 207 octets ;; HEADER SECTION ;; id = 63687 ;; qr = 1 aa = 1 tc = 0 rd = 0 opcode = QUERY ;; ra = 0 z = 0 ad = 0 cd = 0 rcode = NOERROR ;; do = 1 co = 0 ;; qdcount = 1 ancount = 2 ;; nscount = 0 arcount = 1 ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0, ;; "FLAGS": "8000", ;; "RCODE": 0, ;; "UDPSIZE": 1232, ;; "OPTIONS": [ ] ;; } ;; QUESTION SECTION (1 record) ;; handle.net. IN SOA ;; ANSWER SECTION (2 records) handle.net. 1800 IN SOA ( brad.ns.cloudflare.com. dns.cloudflare.com. 2413921207 ;serial 10000 ;refresh 2400 ;retry 604800 ;expire 1800 ;minimum ) handle.net. 1800 IN RRSIG ( SOA 13 2 1800 20260912171458 20260910151458 34505 handle.net. KooHSTFpD5SL1oLKO4fDQ+74FqIy3McL7rnXwTJepuYT8OSJINn3K7dDYi0BYTuVamz4nHZmuppT hQ3Gkga5nw== ) ;; AUTHORITY SECTION (0 records) ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION (1 record) ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0 }
	Query to brad.ns.cloudflare.com for hdl.handle.net/A
	hdl.handle.net A RR has value 104.21.6.52
	hdl.handle.net A RR has value 172.67.154.242
	Found 1 RRSIGs over A RRset
	`hdl.handle.net. 300 IN RRSIG ( A 13 3 300 20260912171458 20260910151458 34505 handle.net. 5MKRTKKkcrXAdw6oZ5vS0qLDxLT1S1+bPbzk0FSw6+Te1Gq5IARrDPl3aq1eHgdOIZ9IuAwo6Ukk 0FJRvMgBRg== )`
	RRSIG=34505 and DNSKEY=34505 verifies the A RRset

handle.net

	Query to linda.ns.cloudflare.com for hdl.handle.net/A
	Received 181 bytes from 173.245.58.250
	;; Response received from [173.245.58.250] 181 octets ;; HEADER SECTION ;; id = 3128 ;; qr = 1 aa = 1 tc = 0 rd = 0 opcode = QUERY ;; ra = 0 z = 0 ad = 0 cd = 0 rcode = NOERROR ;; do = 1 co = 0 ;; qdcount = 1 ancount = 3 ;; nscount = 0 arcount = 1 ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0, ;; "FLAGS": "8000", ;; "RCODE": 0, ;; "UDPSIZE": 1232, ;; "OPTIONS": [ ] ;; } ;; QUESTION SECTION (1 record) ;; hdl.handle.net. IN A ;; ANSWER SECTION (3 records) hdl.handle.net. 300 IN A 172.67.154.242 hdl.handle.net. 300 IN A 104.21.6.52 hdl.handle.net. 300 IN RRSIG ( A 13 3 300 20260912171458 20260910151458 34505 handle.net. TN154M6V7Hvxi+J4hZIxEoTn8c7Zd0a+oNKzIvcnWNL/j+j5zb7EI5kdr9K/GUHmGLmjLTMbRjRm z9KZ1jlgFQ== ) ;; AUTHORITY SECTION (0 records) ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION (1 record) ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0 }
	linda.ns.cloudflare.com is authoritative for hdl.handle.net
	Query to linda.ns.cloudflare.com for hdl.handle.net/DNSKEY
	Found RRSIG signed by handle.net zone
	Query to linda.ns.cloudflare.com for hdl.handle.net/A
	hdl.handle.net A RR has value 172.67.154.242
	hdl.handle.net A RR has value 104.21.6.52
	Found 1 RRSIGs over A RRset
	`hdl.handle.net. 300 IN RRSIG ( A 13 3 300 20260912171458 20260910151458 34505 handle.net. TN154M6V7Hvxi+J4hZIxEoTn8c7Zd0a+oNKzIvcnWNL/j+j5zb7EI5kdr9K/GUHmGLmjLTMbRjRm z9KZ1jlgFQ== )`
	RRSIG=34505 and DNSKEY=34505 verifies the A RRset

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DNSSEC Debugger

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