DNSSEC Debugger - hdl.handle.net

Domain Name:

Time: 2025-10-16 07:54:37 UTC

Analyzing DNSSEC problems for hdl.handle.net

DS=20326/SHA-256 is now in the chain-of-trust

	Checking DS between Trust Anchor and .
	`. IN DS ( 20326 8 2 e06d44b80b8f1d39a95c0b0d7c65d08458e880409bbc683457104237c7f8ec8d )`
	Query to m.root-servers.net for ./DNSKEY
	Received 1141 bytes from 202.12.27.33
	;; Response received from [202.12.27.33] 1141 octets ;; HEADER SECTION ;; id = 64030 ;; qr = 1 aa = 1 tc = 0 rd = 0 opcode = QUERY ;; ra = 0 z = 0 ad = 0 cd = 0 rcode = NOERROR ;; do = 1 co = 0 ;; qdcount = 1 ancount = 4 ;; nscount = 0 arcount = 1 ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0, ;; "FLAGS": "8000", ;; "RCODE": 0, ;; "UDPSIZE": 1232, ;; "OPTIONS": [ ] ;; } ;; QUESTION SECTION (1 record) ;; . IN DNSKEY ;; ANSWER SECTION (4 records) . 172800 IN DNSKEY ( 257 3 8 AwEAAaz/tAm8yTn4Mfeh5eyI96WSVexTBAvkMgJzkKTOiW1vkIbzxeF3+/4RgWOq7HrxRixHlFlE xOLAJr5emLvN7SWXgnLh4+B5xQlNVz8Og8kvArMtNROxVQuCaSnIDdD5LKyWbRd2n9WGe2R8PzgC mr3EgVLrjyBxWezF0jLHwVN8efS3rCj/EWgvIWgb9tarpVUDK/b58Da+sqqls3eNbuv7pr+eoZG+ SrDK6nWeL3c6H5Apxz7LjVc1uTIdsIXxuOLYA4/ilBmSVIzuDWfdRUfhHdY6+cn8HFRm+2hM8AnX GXws9555KrUB5qihylGa8subX2Nn6UwNR1AkUTV74bU= ) ; keytag 20326 . 172800 IN DNSKEY ( 256 3 8 AwEAAeuS7hMRZ7muj1c/ew2DoavxkBw3jUG5R79pKVDI39fxvlD1HfJYGJERnXuV4SrQfUPzWw/l t5Axb0EqXL/sQ2ZyntVmwQwoSXi2l9smlIKh2UrkTmmozRCPe7GS4fZTE4Ew7AV4YprTLgVmxiGP 4unRuXkYOgQJXCIBpVCmEdUli6X2sm0i5ZilU/Q+rX3RDw+eYPP7K0cJnJ+ZnvQDy14+BFtreWl9 enNQljgGpBp26lEp1z7AbvUfzkQNVCVGaM8jEaCSALXiROlwCQMOdj+tpLXFf99kdJnTQw2cpEr1 uGs/yENAJpoGhbjZAoIkXzDUBSlfFeYz7FWzH6gIe7M= ) ; keytag 61809 . 172800 IN DNSKEY ( 257 3 8 AwEAAa96jeuknZlaeSrvyAJj6ZHv28hhOKkx3rLGXVaC6rXTsDc449/cidltpkyGwCJNnOAlFNKF 2jBosZBU5eeHspaQWOmOElZsjICMQMC3aeHbGiShvZsx4wMYSjH8e7Vrhbu6irwCzVBApESjbUdp WWmEnhathWu1jo+siFUiRAAxm9qyJNg/wOZqqzL/dL/q8PkcRU5oUKEpUge71M3ej2/7CPqpdVwu MoTvoB+ZOT4YeGyxMvHmbrxlFzGOHOijtzN+u1TQNatX2XBuzZNQ1K+s2CXkPIZo7s6JgZyvaBev YtxPvYLw4z9mR7K2vaF18UYH9Z9GNUUeayffKC73PYc= ) ; keytag 38696 . 172800 IN RRSIG ( DNSKEY 8 0 172800 20251101000000 20251011000000 20326 . HBzw8cFD6K0/BBO1rLi2ifcFatkMvobiLzZgaMOb9hMqRuMKM0jVSVif5LpAb0OOTQOcSzZMOF17 Ps7BkxWqTGOAQQH5wrS0aLJ/Hn4UAIC/ZK+JbeGo9c1ZhcA8LUyvv32ACT0in2oY7RyTG1+MLpUo rMdUNUII2PAaYuU+Svu8/1HJhuONGl9IqokaWK6yFCm9rz+azS04kq2GPMGHXqJVX7jbZO4tq4fg VKYvW5wJpRM9VE4VOGmHzQUe0OJsDGViys65RNtzzR8MefC9jZGGKO8s8G0n24VmT9Kg2/4y4Qen knUytutLNIMFFmiUsJjx8gcakkkiIvwGed+/cg== ) ;; AUTHORITY SECTION (0 records) ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION (1 record) ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0 }
	Found 3 DNSKEY records for .
	`. 172800 IN DNSKEY ( 257 3 8 AwEAAaz/tAm8yTn4Mfeh5eyI96WSVexTBAvkMgJzkKTOiW1vkIbzxeF3+/4RgWOq7HrxRixHlFlE xOLAJr5emLvN7SWXgnLh4+B5xQlNVz8Og8kvArMtNROxVQuCaSnIDdD5LKyWbRd2n9WGe2R8PzgC mr3EgVLrjyBxWezF0jLHwVN8efS3rCj/EWgvIWgb9tarpVUDK/b58Da+sqqls3eNbuv7pr+eoZG+ SrDK6nWeL3c6H5Apxz7LjVc1uTIdsIXxuOLYA4/ilBmSVIzuDWfdRUfhHdY6+cn8HFRm+2hM8AnX GXws9555KrUB5qihylGa8subX2Nn6UwNR1AkUTV74bU= ) ; keytag 20326`
	`. 172800 IN DNSKEY ( 256 3 8 AwEAAeuS7hMRZ7muj1c/ew2DoavxkBw3jUG5R79pKVDI39fxvlD1HfJYGJERnXuV4SrQfUPzWw/l t5Axb0EqXL/sQ2ZyntVmwQwoSXi2l9smlIKh2UrkTmmozRCPe7GS4fZTE4Ew7AV4YprTLgVmxiGP 4unRuXkYOgQJXCIBpVCmEdUli6X2sm0i5ZilU/Q+rX3RDw+eYPP7K0cJnJ+ZnvQDy14+BFtreWl9 enNQljgGpBp26lEp1z7AbvUfzkQNVCVGaM8jEaCSALXiROlwCQMOdj+tpLXFf99kdJnTQw2cpEr1 uGs/yENAJpoGhbjZAoIkXzDUBSlfFeYz7FWzH6gIe7M= ) ; keytag 61809`
	`. 172800 IN DNSKEY ( 257 3 8 AwEAAa96jeuknZlaeSrvyAJj6ZHv28hhOKkx3rLGXVaC6rXTsDc449/cidltpkyGwCJNnOAlFNKF 2jBosZBU5eeHspaQWOmOElZsjICMQMC3aeHbGiShvZsx4wMYSjH8e7Vrhbu6irwCzVBApESjbUdp WWmEnhathWu1jo+siFUiRAAxm9qyJNg/wOZqqzL/dL/q8PkcRU5oUKEpUge71M3ej2/7CPqpdVwu MoTvoB+ZOT4YeGyxMvHmbrxlFzGOHOijtzN+u1TQNatX2XBuzZNQ1K+s2CXkPIZo7s6JgZyvaBev YtxPvYLw4z9mR7K2vaF18UYH9Z9GNUUeayffKC73PYc= ) ; keytag 38696`
	DNSKEY=20326/SEP is now in the chain-of-trust
	DS=20326/SHA-256 verifies DNSKEY=20326/SEP
	Found 1 RRSIGs over DNSKEY RRset
	`. 172800 IN RRSIG ( DNSKEY 8 0 172800 20251101000000 20251011000000 20326 . HBzw8cFD6K0/BBO1rLi2ifcFatkMvobiLzZgaMOb9hMqRuMKM0jVSVif5LpAb0OOTQOcSzZMOF17 Ps7BkxWqTGOAQQH5wrS0aLJ/Hn4UAIC/ZK+JbeGo9c1ZhcA8LUyvv32ACT0in2oY7RyTG1+MLpUo rMdUNUII2PAaYuU+Svu8/1HJhuONGl9IqokaWK6yFCm9rz+azS04kq2GPMGHXqJVX7jbZO4tq4fg VKYvW5wJpRM9VE4VOGmHzQUe0OJsDGViys65RNtzzR8MefC9jZGGKO8s8G0n24VmT9Kg2/4y4Qen knUytutLNIMFFmiUsJjx8gcakkkiIvwGed+/cg== )`
	RRSIG=20326 and DNSKEY=20326/SEP verifies the DNSKEY RRset
	DNSKEY=61809 is now in the chain-of-trust
	DNSKEY=38696/SEP is now in the chain-of-trust
	Query to i.root-servers.net for hdl.handle.net/A
	Received 1177 bytes from 192.36.148.17
	;; Response received from [192.36.148.17] 1177 octets ;; HEADER SECTION ;; id = 36638 ;; qr = 1 aa = 0 tc = 0 rd = 0 opcode = QUERY ;; ra = 0 z = 0 ad = 0 cd = 0 rcode = NOERROR ;; do = 1 co = 0 ;; qdcount = 1 ancount = 0 ;; nscount = 15 arcount = 27 ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0, ;; "FLAGS": "8000", ;; "RCODE": 0, ;; "UDPSIZE": 1232, ;; "OPTIONS": [ ] ;; } ;; QUESTION SECTION (1 record) ;; hdl.handle.net. IN A ;; ANSWER SECTION (0 records) ;; AUTHORITY SECTION (15 records) net. 172800 IN NS e.gtld-servers.net. net. 172800 IN NS f.gtld-servers.net. net. 172800 IN NS a.gtld-servers.net. net. 172800 IN NS j.gtld-servers.net. net. 172800 IN NS b.gtld-servers.net. net. 172800 IN NS d.gtld-servers.net. net. 172800 IN NS m.gtld-servers.net. net. 172800 IN NS l.gtld-servers.net. net. 172800 IN NS c.gtld-servers.net. net. 172800 IN NS i.gtld-servers.net. net. 172800 IN NS h.gtld-servers.net. net. 172800 IN NS k.gtld-servers.net. net. 172800 IN NS g.gtld-servers.net. net. 86400 IN DS ( 37331 13 2 2f0bec2d6f79dfbd1d08fd21a3af92d0e39a4b9ef1e3f4111fff282490da453b ) net. 86400 IN RRSIG ( DS 8 1 86400 20251029050000 20251016040000 61809 . hH//l9HSwOPiK7DmZuY6052KzQMQB0qAp2JoKMaY+2yIXAdgUFrGDaW3kiyFDHbKpGSrh2VYDgHi HeydVE4Ih5mF/r6T6V/Bg4U8glVmHXXmaOiy9TWPntqDhJm26Y/hSEs12jvZ2S15Rp/5pbLCMv/x HsA7EZd7T1EPqejzjnbpuCJIsTZAF6VBHlcjP0Rrn9GYsC7T6ikW7JkTQJq6TzAHgPSbI1Uh+EFy Qe0ZoxzHQaaYsQr72WcXoFreCQNw5IGFpepjvZK6+BtfamKzhTUHNPKQvbRQ9W6yd5lI5x3FSj0Y DNxM7aCrRSOfD2dnlQNqoUg2FEY81mub/L1dQw== ) ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION (27 records) m.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN A 192.55.83.30 l.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN A 192.41.162.30 k.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN A 192.52.178.30 j.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN A 192.48.79.30 i.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN A 192.43.172.30 h.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN A 192.54.112.30 g.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN A 192.42.93.30 f.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN A 192.35.51.30 e.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN A 192.12.94.30 d.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN A 192.31.80.30 c.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN A 192.26.92.30 b.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN A 192.33.14.30 a.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN A 192.5.6.30 m.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN AAAA 2001:501:b1f9::30 l.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN AAAA 2001:500:d937::30 k.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN AAAA 2001:503:d2d::30 j.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN AAAA 2001:502:7094::30 i.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN AAAA 2001:503:39c1::30 h.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN AAAA 2001:502:8cc::30 g.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN AAAA 2001:503:eea3::30 f.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN AAAA 2001:503:d414::30 e.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN AAAA 2001:502:1ca1::30 d.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN AAAA 2001:500:856e::30 c.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN AAAA 2001:503:83eb::30 b.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN AAAA 2001:503:231d::2:30 a.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN AAAA 2001:503:a83e::2:30 ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0 }
	Query to c.root-servers.net for net/DNSKEY
	Received 1163 bytes from 192.33.4.12
	;; Response received from [192.33.4.12] 1163 octets ;; HEADER SECTION ;; id = 3680 ;; qr = 1 aa = 0 tc = 0 rd = 0 opcode = QUERY ;; ra = 0 z = 0 ad = 0 cd = 0 rcode = NOERROR ;; do = 1 co = 0 ;; qdcount = 1 ancount = 0 ;; nscount = 15 arcount = 27 ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0, ;; "FLAGS": "8000", ;; "RCODE": 0, ;; "UDPSIZE": 1232, ;; "OPTIONS": [ ] ;; } ;; QUESTION SECTION (1 record) ;; net. IN DNSKEY ;; ANSWER SECTION (0 records) ;; AUTHORITY SECTION (15 records) net. 172800 IN NS c.gtld-servers.net. net. 172800 IN NS a.gtld-servers.net. net. 172800 IN NS d.gtld-servers.net. net. 172800 IN NS i.gtld-servers.net. net. 172800 IN NS l.gtld-servers.net. net. 172800 IN NS k.gtld-servers.net. net. 172800 IN NS j.gtld-servers.net. net. 172800 IN NS b.gtld-servers.net. net. 172800 IN NS h.gtld-servers.net. net. 172800 IN NS f.gtld-servers.net. net. 172800 IN NS e.gtld-servers.net. net. 172800 IN NS m.gtld-servers.net. net. 172800 IN NS g.gtld-servers.net. net. 86400 IN DS ( 37331 13 2 2f0bec2d6f79dfbd1d08fd21a3af92d0e39a4b9ef1e3f4111fff282490da453b ) net. 86400 IN RRSIG ( DS 8 1 86400 20251029050000 20251016040000 61809 . hH//l9HSwOPiK7DmZuY6052KzQMQB0qAp2JoKMaY+2yIXAdgUFrGDaW3kiyFDHbKpGSrh2VYDgHi HeydVE4Ih5mF/r6T6V/Bg4U8glVmHXXmaOiy9TWPntqDhJm26Y/hSEs12jvZ2S15Rp/5pbLCMv/x HsA7EZd7T1EPqejzjnbpuCJIsTZAF6VBHlcjP0Rrn9GYsC7T6ikW7JkTQJq6TzAHgPSbI1Uh+EFy Qe0ZoxzHQaaYsQr72WcXoFreCQNw5IGFpepjvZK6+BtfamKzhTUHNPKQvbRQ9W6yd5lI5x3FSj0Y DNxM7aCrRSOfD2dnlQNqoUg2FEY81mub/L1dQw== ) ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION (27 records) m.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN A 192.55.83.30 l.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN A 192.41.162.30 k.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN A 192.52.178.30 j.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN A 192.48.79.30 i.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN A 192.43.172.30 h.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN A 192.54.112.30 g.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN A 192.42.93.30 f.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN A 192.35.51.30 e.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN A 192.12.94.30 d.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN A 192.31.80.30 c.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN A 192.26.92.30 b.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN A 192.33.14.30 a.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN A 192.5.6.30 m.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN AAAA 2001:501:b1f9::30 l.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN AAAA 2001:500:d937::30 k.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN AAAA 2001:503:d2d::30 j.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN AAAA 2001:502:7094::30 i.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN AAAA 2001:503:39c1::30 h.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN AAAA 2001:502:8cc::30 g.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN AAAA 2001:503:eea3::30 f.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN AAAA 2001:503:d414::30 e.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN AAAA 2001:502:1ca1::30 d.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN AAAA 2001:500:856e::30 c.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN AAAA 2001:503:83eb::30 b.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN AAAA 2001:503:231d::2:30 a.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN AAAA 2001:503:a83e::2:30 ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0 }
	Found child zone net

net

	Checking DS between . and net
	Query to d.root-servers.net for net/DS
	Received 367 bytes from 199.7.91.13
	;; Response received from [199.7.91.13] 367 octets ;; HEADER SECTION ;; id = 50458 ;; qr = 1 aa = 1 tc = 0 rd = 0 opcode = QUERY ;; ra = 0 z = 0 ad = 0 cd = 0 rcode = NOERROR ;; do = 1 co = 0 ;; qdcount = 1 ancount = 2 ;; nscount = 0 arcount = 1 ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0, ;; "FLAGS": "8000", ;; "RCODE": 0, ;; "UDPSIZE": 1450, ;; "OPTIONS": [ ] ;; } ;; QUESTION SECTION (1 record) ;; net. IN DS ;; ANSWER SECTION (2 records) net. 86400 IN DS ( 37331 13 2 2f0bec2d6f79dfbd1d08fd21a3af92d0e39a4b9ef1e3f4111fff282490da453b ) net. 86400 IN RRSIG ( DS 8 1 86400 20251029050000 20251016040000 61809 . hH//l9HSwOPiK7DmZuY6052KzQMQB0qAp2JoKMaY+2yIXAdgUFrGDaW3kiyFDHbKpGSrh2VYDgHi HeydVE4Ih5mF/r6T6V/Bg4U8glVmHXXmaOiy9TWPntqDhJm26Y/hSEs12jvZ2S15Rp/5pbLCMv/x HsA7EZd7T1EPqejzjnbpuCJIsTZAF6VBHlcjP0Rrn9GYsC7T6ikW7JkTQJq6TzAHgPSbI1Uh+EFy Qe0ZoxzHQaaYsQr72WcXoFreCQNw5IGFpepjvZK6+BtfamKzhTUHNPKQvbRQ9W6yd5lI5x3FSj0Y DNxM7aCrRSOfD2dnlQNqoUg2FEY81mub/L1dQw== ) ;; AUTHORITY SECTION (0 records) ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION (1 record) ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0 }
	Found 1 DS records for net in the . zone
	DS=37331/SHA-256 has algorithm ECDSAP256SHA256
	Found 1 RRSIGs over DS RRset
	`net. 86400 IN RRSIG ( DS 8 1 86400 20251029050000 20251016040000 61809 . hH//l9HSwOPiK7DmZuY6052KzQMQB0qAp2JoKMaY+2yIXAdgUFrGDaW3kiyFDHbKpGSrh2VYDgHi HeydVE4Ih5mF/r6T6V/Bg4U8glVmHXXmaOiy9TWPntqDhJm26Y/hSEs12jvZ2S15Rp/5pbLCMv/x HsA7EZd7T1EPqejzjnbpuCJIsTZAF6VBHlcjP0Rrn9GYsC7T6ikW7JkTQJq6TzAHgPSbI1Uh+EFy Qe0ZoxzHQaaYsQr72WcXoFreCQNw5IGFpepjvZK6+BtfamKzhTUHNPKQvbRQ9W6yd5lI5x3FSj0Y DNxM7aCrRSOfD2dnlQNqoUg2FEY81mub/L1dQw== )`
	RRSIG=61809 and DNSKEY=61809 verifies the DS RRset
	DS=37331/SHA-256 is now in the chain-of-trust
	`net. 86400 IN DS ( 37331 13 2 2f0bec2d6f79dfbd1d08fd21a3af92d0e39a4b9ef1e3f4111fff282490da453b )`
	Query to c.gtld-servers.net for net/DNSKEY
	Received 371 bytes from 192.26.92.30
	;; Response received from [192.26.92.30] 371 octets ;; HEADER SECTION ;; id = 48497 ;; qr = 1 aa = 1 tc = 0 rd = 0 opcode = QUERY ;; ra = 0 z = 0 ad = 0 cd = 0 rcode = NOERROR ;; do = 1 co = 0 ;; qdcount = 1 ancount = 4 ;; nscount = 0 arcount = 1 ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0, ;; "FLAGS": "8000", ;; "RCODE": 0, ;; "UDPSIZE": 4096, ;; "OPTIONS": [ ] ;; } ;; QUESTION SECTION (1 record) ;; net. IN DNSKEY ;; ANSWER SECTION (4 records) net. 86400 IN DNSKEY ( 257 3 13 HiBoGpzDRAgrDmUXXTSnl7jCX6Hx5bzkU2jSxMbVI01yS+13EyOghnCidBXU0bH2gi2w9GhYGacp U6CrtwoFNg== ) ; keytag 37331 net. 86400 IN DNSKEY ( 256 3 13 n1/xo9dFf3KM3jYGnOXOzhVK5LsgTqM4BnTeyBLml4GNNYgs/Wmr3YA8pvodMthc1wD4nH7wL5vY Tag4cROQJg== ) ; keytag 17133 net. 86400 IN DNSKEY ( 256 3 13 BwmuZTRDEnF5yIylRPdiibpfukzvMWY569GigcA4DNHHhLWxndFz8tUHIfAyY9AAVdX9hfRoRvnr 2OThC4+7Hg== ) ; keytag 33296 net. 86400 IN RRSIG ( DNSKEY 13 1 86400 20251024141035 20251009140535 37331 net. DdcVnD5jmrHv+0s6oYp1PtWn2UUfd94qfHG3I8Ylg6sdxTemDyXZZsGy1gr3x5m4DsGkwAo8xt1H hdIvAP3/6Q== ) ;; AUTHORITY SECTION (0 records) ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION (1 record) ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0 }
	Found 3 DNSKEY records for net
	`net. 86400 IN DNSKEY ( 257 3 13 HiBoGpzDRAgrDmUXXTSnl7jCX6Hx5bzkU2jSxMbVI01yS+13EyOghnCidBXU0bH2gi2w9GhYGacp U6CrtwoFNg== ) ; keytag 37331`
	`net. 86400 IN DNSKEY ( 256 3 13 n1/xo9dFf3KM3jYGnOXOzhVK5LsgTqM4BnTeyBLml4GNNYgs/Wmr3YA8pvodMthc1wD4nH7wL5vY Tag4cROQJg== ) ; keytag 17133`
	`net. 86400 IN DNSKEY ( 256 3 13 BwmuZTRDEnF5yIylRPdiibpfukzvMWY569GigcA4DNHHhLWxndFz8tUHIfAyY9AAVdX9hfRoRvnr 2OThC4+7Hg== ) ; keytag 33296`
	DNSKEY=37331/SEP is now in the chain-of-trust
	DS=37331/SHA-256 verifies DNSKEY=37331/SEP
	Found 1 RRSIGs over DNSKEY RRset
	`net. 86400 IN RRSIG ( DNSKEY 13 1 86400 20251024141035 20251009140535 37331 net. DdcVnD5jmrHv+0s6oYp1PtWn2UUfd94qfHG3I8Ylg6sdxTemDyXZZsGy1gr3x5m4DsGkwAo8xt1H hdIvAP3/6Q== )`
	RRSIG=37331 and DNSKEY=37331/SEP verifies the DNSKEY RRset
	DNSKEY=17133 is now in the chain-of-trust
	DNSKEY=33296 is now in the chain-of-trust
	Query to l.gtld-servers.net for hdl.handle.net/A
	Received 246 bytes from 192.41.162.30
	;; Response received from [192.41.162.30] 246 octets ;; HEADER SECTION ;; id = 30915 ;; qr = 1 aa = 0 tc = 0 rd = 0 opcode = QUERY ;; ra = 0 z = 0 ad = 0 cd = 0 rcode = NOERROR ;; do = 1 co = 0 ;; qdcount = 1 ancount = 0 ;; nscount = 4 arcount = 1 ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0, ;; "FLAGS": "8000", ;; "RCODE": 0, ;; "UDPSIZE": 4096, ;; "OPTIONS": [ ] ;; } ;; QUESTION SECTION (1 record) ;; hdl.handle.net. IN A ;; ANSWER SECTION (0 records) ;; AUTHORITY SECTION (4 records) handle.net. 172800 IN NS brad.ns.cloudflare.com. handle.net. 172800 IN NS linda.ns.cloudflare.com. handle.net. 86400 IN DS ( 2371 13 2 57c16300c3f2e5ac1656f89575bffb7fcd2c40210cf03e603cb13809b3d4babf ) handle.net. 86400 IN RRSIG ( DS 13 2 86400 20251022031250 20251015020250 33296 net. iTQxsySxlFWyVyKMoLRvg+cWIV+petvxm3O02khyuDPBxwrW5TIu54KYnmqLTnaXXpLr+zktuIY3 BlvJSlWwYA== ) ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION (1 record) ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0 }
	Query to m.gtld-servers.net for handle.net/DNSKEY
	Received 242 bytes from 192.55.83.30
	;; Response received from [192.55.83.30] 242 octets ;; HEADER SECTION ;; id = 14489 ;; qr = 1 aa = 0 tc = 0 rd = 0 opcode = QUERY ;; ra = 0 z = 0 ad = 0 cd = 0 rcode = NOERROR ;; do = 1 co = 0 ;; qdcount = 1 ancount = 0 ;; nscount = 4 arcount = 1 ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0, ;; "FLAGS": "8000", ;; "RCODE": 0, ;; "UDPSIZE": 4096, ;; "OPTIONS": [ ] ;; } ;; QUESTION SECTION (1 record) ;; handle.net. IN DNSKEY ;; ANSWER SECTION (0 records) ;; AUTHORITY SECTION (4 records) handle.net. 172800 IN NS brad.ns.cloudflare.com. handle.net. 172800 IN NS linda.ns.cloudflare.com. handle.net. 86400 IN DS ( 2371 13 2 57c16300c3f2e5ac1656f89575bffb7fcd2c40210cf03e603cb13809b3d4babf ) handle.net. 86400 IN RRSIG ( DS 13 2 86400 20251022031250 20251015020250 33296 net. iTQxsySxlFWyVyKMoLRvg+cWIV+petvxm3O02khyuDPBxwrW5TIu54KYnmqLTnaXXpLr+zktuIY3 BlvJSlWwYA== ) ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION (1 record) ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0 }
	Found child zone handle.net

handle.net

	Checking DS between net and handle.net
	Query to e.gtld-servers.net for handle.net/DS
	Received 1078 bytes from 192.12.94.30
	;; Response received from [192.12.94.30] 1078 octets ;; HEADER SECTION ;; id = 1269 ;; qr = 1 aa = 1 tc = 0 rd = 0 opcode = QUERY ;; ra = 0 z = 0 ad = 0 cd = 0 rcode = NOERROR ;; do = 1 co = 0 ;; qdcount = 1 ancount = 2 ;; nscount = 14 arcount = 27 ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0, ;; "FLAGS": "8000", ;; "RCODE": 0, ;; "UDPSIZE": 4096, ;; "OPTIONS": [ ] ;; } ;; QUESTION SECTION (1 record) ;; handle.net. IN DS ;; ANSWER SECTION (2 records) handle.net. 86400 IN DS ( 2371 13 2 57c16300c3f2e5ac1656f89575bffb7fcd2c40210cf03e603cb13809b3d4babf ) handle.net. 86400 IN RRSIG ( DS 13 2 86400 20251022031250 20251015020250 33296 net. iTQxsySxlFWyVyKMoLRvg+cWIV+petvxm3O02khyuDPBxwrW5TIu54KYnmqLTnaXXpLr+zktuIY3 BlvJSlWwYA== ) ;; AUTHORITY SECTION (14 records) net. 172800 IN NS m.gtld-servers.net. net. 172800 IN NS a.gtld-servers.net. net. 172800 IN NS h.gtld-servers.net. net. 172800 IN NS b.gtld-servers.net. net. 172800 IN NS e.gtld-servers.net. net. 172800 IN NS f.gtld-servers.net. net. 172800 IN NS i.gtld-servers.net. net. 172800 IN NS g.gtld-servers.net. net. 172800 IN NS d.gtld-servers.net. net. 172800 IN NS j.gtld-servers.net. net. 172800 IN NS k.gtld-servers.net. net. 172800 IN NS l.gtld-servers.net. net. 172800 IN NS c.gtld-servers.net. net. 172800 IN RRSIG ( NS 13 1 172800 20251020031214 20251013020214 33296 net. Xgdn6EFAMzQfV/wWxP+wg+w0Qb39LcIDre8h81iisMZC0BvEGjBYrtuDpOjjVs0xQunQ4QlkiGNv +vcVDAakAQ== ) ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION (27 records) m.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN A 192.55.83.30 m.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN AAAA 2001:501:b1f9::30 a.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN A 192.5.6.30 a.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN AAAA 2001:503:a83e::2:30 h.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN A 192.54.112.30 h.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN AAAA 2001:502:8cc::30 b.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN A 192.33.14.30 b.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN AAAA 2001:503:231d::2:30 e.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN A 192.12.94.30 e.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN AAAA 2001:502:1ca1::30 f.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN A 192.35.51.30 f.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN AAAA 2001:503:d414::30 i.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN A 192.43.172.30 i.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN AAAA 2001:503:39c1::30 g.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN A 192.42.93.30 g.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN AAAA 2001:503:eea3::30 d.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN A 192.31.80.30 d.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN AAAA 2001:500:856e::30 j.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN A 192.48.79.30 j.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN AAAA 2001:502:7094::30 k.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN A 192.52.178.30 k.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN AAAA 2001:503:d2d::30 l.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN A 192.41.162.30 l.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN AAAA 2001:500:d937::30 c.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN A 192.26.92.30 c.gtld-servers.net. 172800 IN AAAA 2001:503:83eb::30 ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0 }
	Found 1 DS records for handle.net in the net zone
	DS=2371/SHA-256 has algorithm ECDSAP256SHA256
	Found 1 RRSIGs over DS RRset
	`handle.net. 86400 IN RRSIG ( DS 13 2 86400 20251022031250 20251015020250 33296 net. iTQxsySxlFWyVyKMoLRvg+cWIV+petvxm3O02khyuDPBxwrW5TIu54KYnmqLTnaXXpLr+zktuIY3 BlvJSlWwYA== )`
	RRSIG=33296 and DNSKEY=33296 verifies the DS RRset
	DS=2371/SHA-256 is now in the chain-of-trust
	`handle.net. 86400 IN DS ( 2371 13 2 57c16300c3f2e5ac1656f89575bffb7fcd2c40210cf03e603cb13809b3d4babf )`
	Query to brad.ns.cloudflare.com for handle.net/DNSKEY
	Received 305 bytes from 108.162.193.105
	;; Response received from [108.162.193.105] 305 octets ;; HEADER SECTION ;; id = 23015 ;; qr = 1 aa = 1 tc = 0 rd = 0 opcode = QUERY ;; ra = 0 z = 0 ad = 0 cd = 0 rcode = NOERROR ;; do = 1 co = 0 ;; qdcount = 1 ancount = 3 ;; nscount = 0 arcount = 1 ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0, ;; "FLAGS": "8000", ;; "RCODE": 0, ;; "UDPSIZE": 1232, ;; "OPTIONS": [ ] ;; } ;; QUESTION SECTION (1 record) ;; handle.net. IN DNSKEY ;; ANSWER SECTION (3 records) handle.net. 3600 IN DNSKEY ( 257 3 13 mdsswUyr3DPW132mOi8V9xESWE8jTo0dxCjjnopKl+GqJxpVXckHAeF+KkxLbxILfDLUT0rAK9iU zy1L53eKGQ== ) ; keytag 2371 handle.net. 3600 IN DNSKEY ( 256 3 13 oJMRESz5E4gYzS/q6XDrvU1qMPYIjCWzJaOau8XNEZeqCYKD5ar0IRd8KqXXFJkqmVfRvMGPmM1x 8fGAa2XhSA== ) ; keytag 34505 handle.net. 3600 IN RRSIG ( DNSKEY 13 2 3600 20251122225638 20250922225638 2371 handle.net. 1tQUvyG2n19S8zcKS96pgvnz++SQa6rPtPlS31I1XadxNAVym9eOQE6UtuMZ3Udm+gKZOhvYCHts wPx5gp92xA== ) ;; AUTHORITY SECTION (0 records) ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION (1 record) ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0 }
	Found 2 DNSKEY records for handle.net
	`handle.net. 3600 IN DNSKEY ( 257 3 13 mdsswUyr3DPW132mOi8V9xESWE8jTo0dxCjjnopKl+GqJxpVXckHAeF+KkxLbxILfDLUT0rAK9iU zy1L53eKGQ== ) ; keytag 2371`
	`handle.net. 3600 IN DNSKEY ( 256 3 13 oJMRESz5E4gYzS/q6XDrvU1qMPYIjCWzJaOau8XNEZeqCYKD5ar0IRd8KqXXFJkqmVfRvMGPmM1x 8fGAa2XhSA== ) ; keytag 34505`
	DNSKEY=2371/SEP is now in the chain-of-trust
	DS=2371/SHA-256 verifies DNSKEY=2371/SEP
	Found 1 RRSIGs over DNSKEY RRset
	`handle.net. 3600 IN RRSIG ( DNSKEY 13 2 3600 20251122225638 20250922225638 2371 handle.net. 1tQUvyG2n19S8zcKS96pgvnz++SQa6rPtPlS31I1XadxNAVym9eOQE6UtuMZ3Udm+gKZOhvYCHts wPx5gp92xA== )`
	RRSIG=2371 and DNSKEY=2371/SEP verifies the DNSKEY RRset
	DNSKEY=34505 is now in the chain-of-trust
	Query to linda.ns.cloudflare.com for hdl.handle.net/A
	Received 181 bytes from 172.64.32.250
	;; Response received from [172.64.32.250] 181 octets ;; HEADER SECTION ;; id = 24889 ;; qr = 1 aa = 1 tc = 0 rd = 0 opcode = QUERY ;; ra = 0 z = 0 ad = 0 cd = 0 rcode = NOERROR ;; do = 1 co = 0 ;; qdcount = 1 ancount = 3 ;; nscount = 0 arcount = 1 ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0, ;; "FLAGS": "8000", ;; "RCODE": 0, ;; "UDPSIZE": 1232, ;; "OPTIONS": [ ] ;; } ;; QUESTION SECTION (1 record) ;; hdl.handle.net. IN A ;; ANSWER SECTION (3 records) hdl.handle.net. 300 IN A 104.21.6.52 hdl.handle.net. 300 IN A 172.67.154.242 hdl.handle.net. 300 IN RRSIG ( A 13 3 300 20251017085437 20251015065437 34505 handle.net. NYgKBk9Mp2uLELQPQC1KGM3gOeiSr31tlDcpzMQB2JTssyxsUdYyiAFkGVcHVgm0VhvdHb0q9AHv Q9Uw2blV8Q== ) ;; AUTHORITY SECTION (0 records) ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION (1 record) ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0 }
	linda.ns.cloudflare.com is authoritative for hdl.handle.net
	Query to linda.ns.cloudflare.com for hdl.handle.net/DNSKEY
	Received 361 bytes from 173.245.58.250
	;; Response received from [173.245.58.250] 361 octets ;; HEADER SECTION ;; id = 53781 ;; qr = 1 aa = 1 tc = 0 rd = 0 opcode = QUERY ;; ra = 0 z = 0 ad = 0 cd = 0 rcode = NOERROR ;; do = 1 co = 0 ;; qdcount = 1 ancount = 0 ;; nscount = 4 arcount = 1 ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0, ;; "FLAGS": "8000", ;; "RCODE": 0, ;; "UDPSIZE": 1232, ;; "OPTIONS": [ ] ;; } ;; QUESTION SECTION (1 record) ;; hdl.handle.net. IN DNSKEY ;; ANSWER SECTION (0 records) ;; AUTHORITY SECTION (4 records) handle.net. 1800 IN SOA ( brad.ns.cloudflare.com. dns.cloudflare.com. 2385863324 ;serial 10000 ;refresh 2400 ;retry 604800 ;expire 1800 ;minimum ) hdl.handle.net. 1800 IN NSEC ( \000.hdl.handle.net. A HINFO MX TXT AAAA LOC SRV NAPTR CERT SSHFP RRSIG NSEC TLSA SMIMEA HIP OPENPGPKEY SVCB HTTPS URI CAA ) handle.net. 1800 IN RRSIG ( SOA 13 2 1800 20251017085437 20251015065437 34505 handle.net. pi050xsEw3iH4rHUFDPQSEfmCpbTzc1p1TRbDGIjfYiEBk3p6/OPLwVfi4kZMgLTppjnzYXIHeAC AexY1IgCTw== ) hdl.handle.net. 1800 IN RRSIG ( NSEC 13 3 1800 20251017085437 20251015065437 34505 handle.net. DR2seFsv4T47jktkcbNS+UAa1/P+DFFoNHRuz0e5TKEKVzzxrcFLAxIyAvay/pDTRFfNw1W74FJz Gmg+yndvIQ== ) ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION (1 record) ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0 }
	Found RRSIG signed by handle.net zone
	Query to brad.ns.cloudflare.com for handle.net/SOA
	Received 207 bytes from 173.245.59.105
	;; Response received from [173.245.59.105] 207 octets ;; HEADER SECTION ;; id = 21085 ;; qr = 1 aa = 1 tc = 0 rd = 0 opcode = QUERY ;; ra = 0 z = 0 ad = 0 cd = 0 rcode = NOERROR ;; do = 1 co = 0 ;; qdcount = 1 ancount = 2 ;; nscount = 0 arcount = 1 ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0, ;; "FLAGS": "8000", ;; "RCODE": 0, ;; "UDPSIZE": 1232, ;; "OPTIONS": [ ] ;; } ;; QUESTION SECTION (1 record) ;; handle.net. IN SOA ;; ANSWER SECTION (2 records) handle.net. 1800 IN SOA ( brad.ns.cloudflare.com. dns.cloudflare.com. 2385863324 ;serial 10000 ;refresh 2400 ;retry 604800 ;expire 1800 ;minimum ) handle.net. 1800 IN RRSIG ( SOA 13 2 1800 20251017085437 20251015065437 34505 handle.net. hmEy+FQKPaWcU0xYMcdw/99BnOqWLv85OvMouSluhtF64AeF6YnbKU22oxk34u6Oi1Dnijd4H7pM iiVKzOaq4Q== ) ;; AUTHORITY SECTION (0 records) ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION (1 record) ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0 }
	Query to linda.ns.cloudflare.com for hdl.handle.net/A
	Received 181 bytes from 172.64.32.250
	;; Response received from [172.64.32.250] 181 octets ;; HEADER SECTION ;; id = 34637 ;; qr = 1 aa = 1 tc = 0 rd = 0 opcode = QUERY ;; ra = 0 z = 0 ad = 0 cd = 0 rcode = NOERROR ;; do = 1 co = 0 ;; qdcount = 1 ancount = 3 ;; nscount = 0 arcount = 1 ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0, ;; "FLAGS": "8000", ;; "RCODE": 0, ;; "UDPSIZE": 1232, ;; "OPTIONS": [ ] ;; } ;; QUESTION SECTION (1 record) ;; hdl.handle.net. IN A ;; ANSWER SECTION (3 records) hdl.handle.net. 300 IN A 104.21.6.52 hdl.handle.net. 300 IN A 172.67.154.242 hdl.handle.net. 300 IN RRSIG ( A 13 3 300 20251017085438 20251015065438 34505 handle.net. EmiwK8/78YS2gR7ohZDwencuAWNVQi5JIkI0H24f5X0QnQuNu+CLx+7IRr4IJN/ryiLIVtF47S4+ cMQrLm3+9Q== ) ;; AUTHORITY SECTION (0 records) ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION (1 record) ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0 }
	hdl.handle.net A RR has value 104.21.6.52
	hdl.handle.net A RR has value 172.67.154.242
	Found 1 RRSIGs over A RRset
	`hdl.handle.net. 300 IN RRSIG ( A 13 3 300 20251017085438 20251015065438 34505 handle.net. EmiwK8/78YS2gR7ohZDwencuAWNVQi5JIkI0H24f5X0QnQuNu+CLx+7IRr4IJN/ryiLIVtF47S4+ cMQrLm3+9Q== )`
	RRSIG=34505 and DNSKEY=34505 verifies the A RRset

handle.net

	Query to brad.ns.cloudflare.com for hdl.handle.net/A
	Received 181 bytes from 108.162.193.105
	;; Response received from [108.162.193.105] 181 octets ;; HEADER SECTION ;; id = 33936 ;; qr = 1 aa = 1 tc = 0 rd = 0 opcode = QUERY ;; ra = 0 z = 0 ad = 0 cd = 0 rcode = NOERROR ;; do = 1 co = 0 ;; qdcount = 1 ancount = 3 ;; nscount = 0 arcount = 1 ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0, ;; "FLAGS": "8000", ;; "RCODE": 0, ;; "UDPSIZE": 1232, ;; "OPTIONS": [ ] ;; } ;; QUESTION SECTION (1 record) ;; hdl.handle.net. IN A ;; ANSWER SECTION (3 records) hdl.handle.net. 300 IN A 172.67.154.242 hdl.handle.net. 300 IN A 104.21.6.52 hdl.handle.net. 300 IN RRSIG ( A 13 3 300 20251017085438 20251015065438 34505 handle.net. nw+x5y3czNBb13r1btmS+fRf+wWi+JR2H0XmWpsidMSPaVj5RaiSpfyMAvubZOK32pfRZ8mg95ej n1H8U5srgQ== ) ;; AUTHORITY SECTION (0 records) ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION (1 record) ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0 }
	brad.ns.cloudflare.com is authoritative for hdl.handle.net
	Query to brad.ns.cloudflare.com for hdl.handle.net/DNSKEY
	Received 361 bytes from 172.64.33.105
	;; Response received from [172.64.33.105] 361 octets ;; HEADER SECTION ;; id = 55673 ;; qr = 1 aa = 1 tc = 0 rd = 0 opcode = QUERY ;; ra = 0 z = 0 ad = 0 cd = 0 rcode = NOERROR ;; do = 1 co = 0 ;; qdcount = 1 ancount = 0 ;; nscount = 4 arcount = 1 ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0, ;; "FLAGS": "8000", ;; "RCODE": 0, ;; "UDPSIZE": 1232, ;; "OPTIONS": [ ] ;; } ;; QUESTION SECTION (1 record) ;; hdl.handle.net. IN DNSKEY ;; ANSWER SECTION (0 records) ;; AUTHORITY SECTION (4 records) handle.net. 1800 IN SOA ( brad.ns.cloudflare.com. dns.cloudflare.com. 2385863324 ;serial 10000 ;refresh 2400 ;retry 604800 ;expire 1800 ;minimum ) hdl.handle.net. 1800 IN NSEC ( \000.hdl.handle.net. A HINFO MX TXT AAAA LOC SRV NAPTR CERT SSHFP RRSIG NSEC TLSA SMIMEA HIP OPENPGPKEY SVCB HTTPS URI CAA ) handle.net. 1800 IN RRSIG ( SOA 13 2 1800 20251017085438 20251015065438 34505 handle.net. i0Ul/EwIjjsAfDmyRCMAu2jtEAk4e4Y8p4yHKmDk1nc6CRC0yYOyW7v8Zsg4FGqcVJcbe1+J6HPK KLPcyUiAfA== ) hdl.handle.net. 1800 IN RRSIG ( NSEC 13 3 1800 20251017085438 20251015065438 34505 handle.net. WKOFdus9q6OX0vxmcvTHNNBbDdb7aH2Lk3V4qvvCt5E+W5d6IgEAFE1HiSM2IJaYBihWkvREzGeZ pSYCfTSMiA== ) ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION (1 record) ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0 }
	Found RRSIG signed by handle.net zone
	Query to brad.ns.cloudflare.com for hdl.handle.net/A
	Received 181 bytes from 172.64.33.105
	;; Response received from [172.64.33.105] 181 octets ;; HEADER SECTION ;; id = 1869 ;; qr = 1 aa = 1 tc = 0 rd = 0 opcode = QUERY ;; ra = 0 z = 0 ad = 0 cd = 0 rcode = NOERROR ;; do = 1 co = 0 ;; qdcount = 1 ancount = 3 ;; nscount = 0 arcount = 1 ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0, ;; "FLAGS": "8000", ;; "RCODE": 0, ;; "UDPSIZE": 1232, ;; "OPTIONS": [ ] ;; } ;; QUESTION SECTION (1 record) ;; hdl.handle.net. IN A ;; ANSWER SECTION (3 records) hdl.handle.net. 300 IN A 104.21.6.52 hdl.handle.net. 300 IN A 172.67.154.242 hdl.handle.net. 300 IN RRSIG ( A 13 3 300 20251017085438 20251015065438 34505 handle.net. DfwHcHOYM+LKdCkAUWw1eVG+BwLu/pAF/spvlXy4vbVicVYcxjDYwS391JUeApfrkHpGRdxYUOX0 VPEe8YcSrQ== ) ;; AUTHORITY SECTION (0 records) ;; ADDITIONAL SECTION (1 record) ;; { "EDNS-VERSION": 0 }
	hdl.handle.net A RR has value 104.21.6.52
	hdl.handle.net A RR has value 172.67.154.242
	Found 1 RRSIGs over A RRset
	`hdl.handle.net. 300 IN RRSIG ( A 13 3 300 20251017085438 20251015065438 34505 handle.net. DfwHcHOYM+LKdCkAUWw1eVG+BwLu/pAF/spvlXy4vbVicVYcxjDYwS391JUeApfrkHpGRdxYUOX0 VPEe8YcSrQ== )`
	RRSIG=34505 and DNSKEY=34505 verifies the A RRset

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DNSSEC Debugger

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